Browsing by Author "Adamu, S."

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    Comparative analysis of Cervical Human Papillomavirus DNA testing and cytological findings among women presenting for “Pap” smear in a Tertiary Health Centre in Northern Nigeria
    (SCIENCE DOMAIN International, 2016) Manga, M. M.; Fowotade, A.; Abdullahi, Y. M.; El-Nafaty, A. U.; Adamu, S.; Bojude, A. D.; Pindiga, H. U.; Bakare, R. A.; Osoba, A. O.
    Aim: This study was conducted to compare different cytological findings with cervical HPV infection among women presenting for cervical cancer screening in Gombe north-eastern Nigeria. Study Design: It is a hospital based cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Departments of Obstetrics/Gynaecology and Histopathology Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe (FTHG) Nigeria, between August 2013 and May 2014. Methodology: Two hundred and nine (209) women were subjected to liquid-based cervical cytology and HPV DNA testing. Results: Of the 209 participants, cytological findings were normal in 126 (61.6%) women while 80 (39.0%) had abnormal features. Three (1.4%) respondents had unsatisfactory smears. The observed abnormal cytological features include HPV changes 30 (14.4%), HPV changes with inflammation 2 (1.0%), inflammatory changes alone 36 (17.3%), Low Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion; LSIL 3 (1.4%), High Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion; HSIL 5 (2.4%) and malignant changes 3 (1.4%). Positive HPV DNA testing was detected among 100 (48.1%) of the participants. Almost half 60 (47.6%) of the women with normal cytology were positive for HPV. Among women with cytologically detected HPV changes, only 16 (50%) were also HPV DNA positive. The sensitivity and specificity of cervical cytology in detecting HPV infection was 16.2% and 85.0% respectively. Conclusion: This study reports a very low sensitivity but relatively high specificity of cytology in detecting cervical HPV infection. It further justifies the need for introduction of HPV DNA testing to improve efficiency and maximise the sensitivity of cytology based cervical cancer screening for women above 30 years.
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    Phenotyping stroke in Sub-Saharan Africa: stroke investigative research and education network (SIREN) phenomics protocol
    (Karger Publishers, 2015) Akpalu, A.; Sarfo, F. S.; Ovbiagele, B.; Akinyemi, R.; Gebregziabher, M.; Obiako, R.; Owolabi, L.; Sagoe, K.; Jenkins, C.; Arulogun, O.; Adamu, S.; Appiah, L. T.; Adadey, M. A.; Agyekum, F.; Quansah, J. A.; Mensah, Y. B.; Adeoye, A. M.; Singh, A.; Tosin, A. O.; Ohifemen, O.; Sani, A. A.; Tabi-Ajayi, E.; Phillip, I. O.; Isah, S. Y.; Tabari, N. A.; Mande, A.; Agunloye, A. M.; Ogbole, G. I.; Akinyemi, J. O.; Akpa, O. M.; Laryea, R.; Melikam, S. E.; Adinku, D.; Uvere, E.; Burkett, N.-S.; Adekunle, G. F.; Kehinde, S. I.; Azuh, P. C.; Dambatta, A. H.; Ishaq, N. A.; Arnett, D.
    Background: As the second leading cause of death and the leading cause of adult-onset disability, stroke is a major public health concern particularly pertinent in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where nearly 80% of all global stroke mortalities occur, and stroke burden is projected to increase in the coming decades. However, traditional and emerging risk factors for stroke in SSA have not been well characterized, thus limiting efforts at curbing its devastating toll. The Stroke Investigative Research and Education Network (SIREN) project is aimed at comprehensively evaluating the key environmental and genomic risk factors for stroke (and its subtypes) in SSA while simultaneously building capacities in phenomics, biobanking, genomics, biostatistics, and bioinformatics for brain research. Methods: SIREN is a transnational, multicentre, hospital and community-based study involving 3,000 cases and 3,000 controls recruited from 8 sites in Ghana and Nigeria. Cases will be hospital-based patients with first stroke within 10 days of onset in whom neurovascular imaging will be performed. Etiological and topographical stroke sub types will be documented for all cases. Controls will be hospital- and community-based participants, matched to cases on the basis of gender, ethnicity, and age (±5 years). Information will be collected on known and proposed emerging risk factors for stroke. Study Significance: SIREN is the largest study of stroke in Africa to date. It is anticipated that it will shed light on the phenotypic characteristics and risk factors of stroke and ultimately provide evidence base for strategic interventions to curtail the burgeoning burden of stroke on the sub-continent.