Browsing by Author "Adeoye, A. O."

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Diagnostic accuracy of tru-cut biopsy of breast lumps at University College Hospital, Ibadan.
(College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, 2015) Oluwasola, A. O.; Adeoye, A. O.; Afolabi, A. O.; Adeniji-Sofoluwe, A. T.; Salami, A.; Ajani M. A.; Ogundiran, T. O.; Obajimi M. O.
Tru-cut needle biopsies form an integral part of Triple assessment of breast cancer and include clinical assessment, mammography and core needle biopsy. No study has been done to evaluate the validity o f the procedure in our environment. This study was done to evaluate the validity of core needle biopsies in our centre. Method'. A retrospective study of patients with tru-, cut needle biopsies of breast lumps and follow-up excisional biopsy or m astectomy done in the Department of Surgery, University College Hospital, Ibadan over a ten year period was done. Fifty one patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria had their records obtained from the Department of Pathology. The diagnosis was classified into benign and malignant with the excisional biopsy or mastectomy diagnosis used as the gold standard. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were calculated and kappa was also done to evaluate the degree of agreement. Results'. A total of 51 cases were included in this study. The average age o f the patients was 47±13years with a range from 19 to 81 years. Thirty of the biopsies (59%) had a definitive diagnosis of malignancy while twenty one (41%) were benign. The overall sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 86%, 71% and 80.4% respectively. The specificity of malignant biopsies was 68% while benign was 35%. The level of agreement for malignant biopsies was higher than benign biopsies with a kappa of 0.39 for malignant diagnosis as against 0.29 for benign. C onclusion: T ru-cut needle biopsies have a comparable sensitivity and specificity to excisional biopsies. Diagnostic accuracy can be further enhanced with the adoption of image guided biopsies.
Toxicological studies of ethanol leaf extract of cassia fistula on haematological and biochemical parameters of Wistar albino rats
(Academic Journals, Nigeria, 2019) Adedokun, R. A. M.; Azeez, O. I.; Adeoye, A. O.; Olaogun, S. C.; Oladavies, E. O.
Aim: Cassia fistula L. (Fabaceae) is an annual herbaceous plant used in folklore medicine for the treatment of a wide range of conditions such as astringent, febrifuge and purgative. But the effects have not been well elucidated. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of Cassia fistula on haematological and serum biochemical indices in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Phytochemical constituents from the ethanol extract of C. fistula were identified by qualitative techniques and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups of five rats each. Group A, the control, received 0.2ml of corn oil each daily for 7 days; Group B rats were given 100mg/kg b.w. of Cassia fistula extract, Group C were given 200mg/kg b.w. of the extract while the rats in Group D were given 300mg/kg b.w ethanol extract of Cassia fistula orally for 7 days. Blood samples were collected afterward for determination of haematological parameter while plasma biochemistry was carried on the plasma after 7 days of treatment with the extract. Frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes was also determined from blood Giemsa stained smear. Results: Qualitative analyses revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, alkaloids, anthraquinones, cardenolides, and phenols. In GC-MS analysis, 19 compounds including phytol, oleic, myristic acids etc. were detected from the ethanol leaf extract of C fistula. Oral treatment of Cassia fistula was found to be safe up to the 300mg/kg b.w dose because haematological and biochemical parameters in treated rats were comparable to the untreated control. In fact, the extract showed nephroprotective and hepatoprotective activity at 200 mg/kg. Conclusion: This study showed that ethanol leaf extract of Cassia fistula is not toxic upt to 300 mg/kg b.w, instead the extract showed some protective effects on liver and kidney functions at the 200 mg/kg b.w dose. This dosage should therefore be explored further for therapeutic purposes.