Browsing by Author "Adeyinka, A. O."

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Dermatofibroma of the foot mimicking neurofibroma radiologically
(2006) Agunloye, A. M.; Atalabi, O. M.; Obajimi, M. O.; Adeyinka, A. O.
Early Mobilisation of Patients with Acute Stroke: A survey of knowledge, attitude and practice health care professionals in South-west, Nigeria
(African Journals Online., 2020) Olaleye, O. A.; Amusan, O. I.; Adeyinka, A. O.
BACKGROUND: Early mobilisation of acute stroke survivors has been associated with fewer deaths and better clinical outcomes. Yet, there are conflicting reports about the knowledge, attitude and practice of early mobilisation among clinicians. We investigated the knowledge, attitude and practice of early mobilization among health care professionals in South-West, Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All the 159 health care professionals comprised 68(42.8%) nurses, 45(28.3%) physicians and 46(28.9%) physiotherapists involved in acute stroke care were surveyed using a content-validated questionnaire. Pearson’s Product Moment correlation and ANOVA were used to analyse data at p < 0.05. RESULTS: Most (n=147; 92.5%) of the participants agreed that early mobilization reduces complications of immobility. Majority of the HCPs were knowledgeable and had positive attitude towards early mobilisation (n=139; 87.4%). Attitude differed significantly across different healthcare professions (p=0.02). Most health care professionals (n=149; 93.7%) reported practicing early mobilization of acute stroke patients. There was a significant relationship between years of work experience and each of knowledge and attitude (p<0.05) CONCLUSIONS: Although, many health care professionals expressed concerns about the risks of early mobilization, including possibility of death, they reported practicing early mobilisation. It may be necessary to conduct a risk-benefit analysis of early mobilisation and provide appropriate practice guidelines to promote implementation. This could further enhance the health care professionals’ confidence in practicing early mobilisation and improve stroke care.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of computed tomography in the diagnosis of orbital tumours in ibadan, southwest Nigeria
(West african College of Surgeons, 2013) Akinmoladun, J. A.; Adeyinka, A. O.; Uchendu, O.; Akinmoladun, V. I.
Background: The orbit is a bony cavity within the skull that is composed of many structures which may undergo neoplastic transformation. Failure to diagnose the tumour and determine its extent may lead to high morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of computed tomography in the diagnosis of orbital tumours in our centre. Materials and methods: Computed Tomography images acquired from a multi-sliced CT machine, tissue diagnoses obtained from histopathology reports and patients' clinical records were reviewed. The data were analyzed and presented using frequency tables, percentages and charts as appropriate. Results: Sixty six patients made up of 34 (51.6%) males and 32 (48.4%) females were studied. The ages ranged between 1 and 80 years with a mean of 35 years. Majority (50%) of the patients were in their 4th – 6th decades of life. While secondary orbital tumours were seen in 42 (63.6%) patients, primary tumours occurred in 23 (34.8%) cases. Metastatic deposit was seen in 1 (1.6%) patient. Bone was the most commonly affected orbital tissue. The CT diagnoses of benign and malignant tumours were accurate when compared with histopathological diagnoses in 80.6% and 96.7 % of the cases respectively. Conclusion: Computed Tomography is useful in characterizing the nature, precise location of a lesion within the orbit and to demonstrate the extension of the orbital lesion into contiguous structures. This study showed that Computed tomography is also a useful imaging technique in the diagnosis of orbital tumours with high concordance rate when compared with histological diagnoses.
Hunter syndrome: case report and review of literature
(2006-06) Ogunbiyi, A.; Adeyinka, A. O.; Ogah, S. O.; Baiyeroju, A. M.
Hunter syndrome is one of the mucopolysaccharidosis, which are a rare group of genetic diseases, It is due to a deficiency in the enzyme Iduronate 2-sulphatase. This in turn leads to the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans, dermatan and heparan sulphate. The intra and extracellular accumulation of this substances lead to multisystemic organ abnormality. We present a patient with Hunter syndrome who presented with involvement of the skin, cardiovascular system, the eyes and musculoskeletal system. We have also included a literature review. As far as we know, it is the first case reported in a Nigerian.
Paediatric bilateral thalamic glioma: Case report and literature review
(Elsevier B.V., 2019) Badejo, O. A.; Osobu, B. E.; Salami, A. A.; Adeyinka, A. O.; Shokunbi, M. T.
1. Introduction Primary thalamic tumours are rare [1]. They account for 1–1.5% of all brain tumours and approximately a quarter of them occur in children younger than 15 years [2,3]. Bilateral thalamic gliomas (BTGs) are extremely rare sub-types of thalamic tumours, which are known to have a poor outcome regardless of the treatment modality [4]. About 70 cases have been reported so far in the literature [5]. We present the outcome of treatment of BTG in a three-year-old Nigerian child and a brief review of the literature on these uncommon types of central nervous system tumours. 2. Case Presentation A three-year-old right-handed boy presented with headache, abnormal gait, and inability to sit unsupported of one week duration. There was an associated history of drowsiness, excessive sleeping, and multiple episodes of projectile vomiting. Examination revealed a young boy who was fully conscious but drowsy. His pupils were of normal size but reacted sluggishly to light. He had bilateral abducens nerve palsies, bilateral papilloedema, global hypertonia/hyperreflexia, and bilateral extensor plantar responses. He also had truncal ataxia and dysmetria but no sensorimotor deficit. Examination of other systems revealed normal findings. A clinical diagnosis of acute onset raised intracranial pressure from an infratentorial space-occupying lesion was made. Cranial computed tomography scan showed bilateral symmetrical enlarged thalamic nuclei which were hypodense to isodense and non-contrast enhancing (Fig. 1a and b). There was associated obstructive hydrocephalus. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed bilateral symmetrical non-enhancing masses involving both thalami (with estimated volumes of 40.17 cm³ on the right and 44.84 cm³ on the left). These were hypointense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted and FLAIR images. There was associated dilatation of the lateral ventricles and effacement of the quadrigeminal/ambient cisterns bilaterally (Fig. 2a–d). A radiological diagnosis of a bilateral thalamic tumour was made. The patient's management was multidisciplinary, involving the neurological surgery, radiology, pathology, paediatric oncology, and radiation oncology teams. A biopsy specimen obtained via an endoscopic transventricular route showed features of a WHO grade II diffuse astrocytoma (Fig. 3a–c). He subsequently received sixteen courses of Vincristine/Carboplatin chemotherapy, which was later changed to Etoposide/Cisplatin on account of clinico-radiological evidence of tumour progression. He had cerebrospinal fluid diversion (via a ventriculoperitoneal shunt) five months after the initial procedure due to worsening hydrocephalus (Fig. 4a–c). The second-line chemotherapeutic agents were discontinued after the third cycle on request by the patient's mother because of their side effects (bone marrow suppression, widespread dermatitis, recurrent chest infection). Radiotherapy was considered unsafe in this patient given his age and the potential for radiation-induced neurocognitive decline (on the advice of the radiation oncology team). Repeat neuroimaging at six months following the initial surgery showed further tumour progression with involvement of the caudate nuclei and brainstem, and extension into the lateral ventricles (Fig. 5a–c). Attempts at switching his chemotherapeutic agents were futile due to non-availability of the drugs. At nine months post tumour biopsy, he had recurrent headache and vomiting, expressive aphasia, worsening gait imbalance, ataxia, paraparesis, bilateral ptosis, upgaze paresis, and choreoform movements. He subsequently defaulted follow-up.
Role of transcranial colour-coded duplex sonography in stroke management
(West Africa Medical Ultrasound Society, 2015) Olatunji, R. B.; Ogbole, G. I.; Atalabi, O. M.; Adeyinka, A. O.; Lagunju, I.; Oyinlade, A.; Ogun, O.; Owolabi, M.O.; Ogunseyinde, O. A.; Ogunniyi, A.
The development of transcranial colour-coded duplex sonography (TCCS) has resurrected the hope of safe, real time bedside brain imaging beyound childhood. This review article provides an overview of the role of TCCS in the management of patients with stroke. The objective is to stimulate interest in the field of neurosomology as a potential means of improving neurological outcome for stroke patients and a area for stroke research endeavours in Africa. Literature search was done on MEDLINE, Cochrane library, and GoogleScholar database with the following keywords: transcranial colour Doppler, Transcranial duplex sonography,stroke, infarct and haemorrhage. We also identified relevant articles from the references section of studies produced by our literature search. We discussed the roles of TCCS to discriminate ischaemic from haemorrhagic forms; unravel the mechanism of stroke; monitor temporal evolution of stroke and predictors of stroke outcome; and promote better understanding of the epidemiology of stroke. It emerging role as a potent point-of-care imaginf modality for definitive treatment in ischaenic stroke within and outside the hospital setting is also highlighted. Comparison of TCCS with alternative modalities for neuroimaging for stroke patients in Africa is presented vis-a-vis the potential economic relief which widespread adoptionof TCCS may provide. We advocate capacity building for TCCS and suggest some action plans required to achieve safe, cheap, affordable and reliable ultrasound based neuroimaging for stroke patients in resource limited areas of Africa.