Browsing by Author "Ajayi, B.O."

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Co-administration of sodium selenite and sodium arsenite exacerbates hepatic, renal, pulmonary and splenic inflammation in rats
(Elsevier, 2021) Adeyi, O.E.; Babayemi, D.O.; Ajayi, B.O.; Adeyi, A.O.; Ayodeji, A.H.; Oguntayo, A.O.; Adeyemi, A.T.; Olaiyapo, O.E.; Adeoye, S.T.
This study examined the effect of co-administration of sodium selenite (SS) and sodium arsenite (SA) on inflammation in rats. Thirty (30) male Wistar rats were separated into 6 groups of five animals each. Group I (control) was given distilled water, groups II, III, IV and V were exposed to 20 and 40 ppm SA in drinking water, but in addition to that, groups IV and V only were co-exposed with 0.25 mg/kg bwt SS, while group VI was exposed to 0.25 mg/kg bwt SS only orally. Following 5 weeks of exposure, levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF- α, IL-1 βand IL-6) were increased in SA-exposed groups. Synergistic and antagonistic effects were observed in co-exposed groups depending on dose and the spe- cific tissue being considered. Synergism was observed in tissues co-exposed to higher dose (40 ppm) of SA + 0.25 mg/kgbwt SS except in the liver, where these markers were de- creased compared with control. Level of IL-10 (anti-inflammatory marker) decreased in all the tissues investigated except in the lungs of animals co-exposed with 40 ppm SA. There was alteration in tissue architecture, revealing steatosis and hemorrhagic lesions as the common features in co-exposed groups. Results obtained indicate that the dose of SS used in this study may be toxic and not therapeutic against SA-induced tissue inflammation in rats.
Moringa oleifera leaf fractions attenuated Naje haje venom-induced cellular dysfunctions via modulation of Nrf2 and inflammatory signalling pathways in rats
(Elsevier, 2020) Adeyi, A.O.; Ajisebiola, B.S.; Adeyi, O.E.; Adekunle, O.; Akande, O.B.; James, A.S.; Ajayi, B.O.; Yusuf, P.O.; Idowu, B.A.
"Naja haje envenoming could activate multiple pathways linked to haematotoxic, neurological, and antioxidant systems dysfunctions. Moringa oleifera has been used in the management of different snake venom-induced toxicities, but there is no scientific information on its antivenom effects against Naja haje. This study thus, investigated the antivenom activities of different extract partitions of M. oleifera leaves against N. haje enve- noming. Forty five male rats were divided into nine groups (n =5). Groups 2 to 9 were envenomed with 0.025 mg/kg (LD50) of N. haje venom while group 1 was given saline. Group 2 was left untreated, while group 3 was treated with polyvalent antivenom, groups 4, 6 and 8 were treated with 300 mg/kg􀀀1 of N-hexane, ethylacetate and ethanol partitions of M. oleifera, respectively. Groups 5, 7 and 9 were also treated with 600 mgkg􀀀1of the partitions, respectively. Ethanol extract and ethyl acetate partition of M. oleifera significantly improved hae- matological indices following acute anaemia induced by the venom. Likewise, haemorrhagic, haemolytic and anti-coagulant activities of N. haje venom were best inhibited by ethanol partition. Envenoming significantly down-regulated Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) with the consequent elevation of antioxidant enzymes activities in the serum and brain. Treatment with extract partitions however, elevated Nrf2 levels while normalising antioxidant enzyme activities. Furthermore, there were reduction in levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and interleukin-1β) in tissues of treated envenomed rats. This study concludes that ethanol partition of M. oleifera was most effective against N. haje venom and could be considered as a potential source for antivenom metabolites."
Naja nigricollis venom altered reproductive and neurological functions via modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative damage in male rats
(Elsevier, 2022) Ajisebiola, B.S.; Adeniji, O.B.; James, A.S.; Ajayi, B.O.; Adeyi, A.O.
"Reproductive and neurological anomalies are often characterized by malfunctioning of reproductive and nervous organs sometimes attributed to systemic toxins. However, limited information is available on the impact of snake venom toxins on male reproductive and nervous system. This study investigated the toxicological effects of Naja nigricollis venom on male reproductive and neural functions in rat model. Twenty male Wistar rats weighing between 195 and 230 g were divided randomly into two groups of ten rats each. Group 1 served as normal control while rats in group 2 were envenomed with a single intraperitoneal injection of 0.25 mg/kg􀀀1 (LD12.5) of N. nigricollis venom on first and twenty fifth day within the period of fifty days experiment. The venom signif- icantly decreased sperm counts, motile cells and volume combined with increased sperm abnormalities. The venom induced hormonal imbalances in the envenomed group as levels of testosterone, luteinizing and follicle stimulating hormones depreciated compared to the control. Oxidative stress biomarkers: malondialdehyde significantly increased parallels with depletion of glutathione level and catalase activities in testis, epididymis and brain of envenomed rats. Furthermore, N. nigricollis venom up-regulated tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin1-beta (IL-1β) production in testis, epididymis and brain of envenomed rats compared to the control. Also, various histological alterations were noticed in tissues of testis, epididymis and brain of envenomed rats. Findings indicated that N. nigricollis venom is capable of inducing reproductive and neurological dysfunction in envenomed victims."
Syringic acid demonstrates better anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects than ascorbic acid via maintenance of the endogenous antioxidants and downregulation of pro-inflammatory and apoptotic markers in DMN-induced hepatotoxicity in rats
(Elsevier, 2023) Adeyi, O.E.; Somade, O.T.; Ajayi, B.O.; James, A.S.; Adeyi, A.O.; Olayemi, Z.M.; Tella, N.B.
Dimethyl nitrosamine (DMN) is a known hepatotoxin, carcinogen, and mutagen. This study is therefore carried out to investigate the therapeutic effects of syringic acid (SYRA) and ascorbic acid (ASCA) in DMN-induced hepatic injury in rats. Following DMN administrations, malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly increased. Also significantly increased were levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). Following treatment with SYRA and ASCA, the activities of ALT, AST, GPx, CAT and SOD, as well as MDA, GSH, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NFkB levels were significantly reduced. Overall, both treatments were effective, but SYRA had a better therapeutic effect than ASCA. Therefore, this promising potential of SYRA can be taken advantage of in the treatment of DMN-induced hepatic injury.