Browsing by Author "Akpa M. O."

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Knowledge, attitudes and practices of West Africans on genetic studies of stroke: Evidence from the SIREN Study
(World Stroke Organization Reprints and permissions, 2018) Akinyemi R. O.; Sarfo F. S.; Akinyemi J.; Singh A.; Akpa M. O.; Akpalu A.; Owolabi L.; Adeoye A. M.; Obiako R.; Wahab K.; Sanya E.; Komolafe M.; Ogbole G.; Fawale M.; Adebayo P.; Osaigbovo G.; Sunmonu T.; Olowoyo P.; Chukwuonye I.; Obiabo Y.; Adeniji O.; Fakunle G.; Melikam E.; Saulson R.; Yaria J.; Uwanruochi K.
Background: It is crucial to assess genomic literacy related to stroke among Africans in preparation for the ethical, legal and societal implications of the genetic revolution which has begun in Africa. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of West Africans about stroke genetic studies. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among stroke patients and stroke-free controls recruited across 15 sites in Ghana and Nigeria. Participants’ knowledge of heritability of stroke, willingness to undergo genetic testing and perception of the potential benefits of stroke genetic research were assessed using interviewer-administered questionnaire. Descriptive, frequency distribution and multiple regression analyses were performed. Results: Only 49% of 2029 stroke patients and 57% of 2603 stroke-free individuals knew that stroke was a heritable disorder. Among those who knew, 90% were willing to undergo genetic testing. Knowledge of stroke heritability was associated with having at least post-secondary education (OR 1.51, 1.25–1.81) and a family history of stroke (OR 1.20, 1.03–1.39) while Islamic religion (OR¼0.82, CI: 0.72–0.94), being currently unmarried (OR ¼ 0.81, CI: 0.70–0.92), and alcohol use (OR ¼ 0.78, CI: 0.67–0.91) were associated with lower odds of awareness of stroke as a heritable disorder. Willingness to undergo genetic testing for stroke was associated with having a family history of stroke (OR 1.34, 1.03– 1.74) but inversely associated with a medical history of high blood pressure (OR ¼ 0.79, 0.65–0.96). Conclusion: To further improve knowledge of stroke heritability and willingness to embrace genetic testing for stroke, individuals with less formal education, history of high blood pressure and no family history of stroke require targeted interventions
Level and determinants of pharmacovigilance programme awareness in Nigeria: A multilevel analysis
(Academic journals, 2017) Alo O. D.; Akinyemi J. O.; Akpa M. O.; Yusuf O. B.; Fagbamigbe A. F.; Bamgboye E. A.; Adebayo S. B.; Kawu I.; Agbi P.; Ezire O.
Previous studies have reported poor awareness of the Pharmacovigilance Programme (PP) among health professionals in Nigeria but similar information on the general population is unavailable. This study was designed to investigate the individual and contextual factors associated with awareness of the PP among the general population. The study utilised data collected in the 2012 National HIV and AIDS and Reproductive Health and Serological Survey which were collected through a multi-stage cluster survey among women aged 15-49 years and men aged 15-64 years across all the states in Nigeria. Data on regulatory activities about food and drugs as well as household and individual characteristics were extracted and analyzed using descriptive statistics and multilevel logistic regression. Mean age of the respondents was 31.45±11.8 years. Females constituted 50.1% while 68.7% resided in rural areas. Only 26.0% of the respondents were aware of the PP and this was significantly higher among those with higher education (57.7%) and those who have seen/heard any campaign on Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) (79.7%). Participants who had seen/heard any campaign on ADRs were more likely to be aware of the PP (Odd Ratio [OR]: 32.85, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 29.13–36.57). Tertiary education (OR: 4.29, 95% CI: 3.51–5.07), and secondary education (OR= 2.35, 95%C.I= 2.0–2.70) significantly increased PP awareness. Participants who were employed and those who resided in urban communities were more likely to be aware of the PP in Nigeria. Generally, awareness of the PP in Nigeria is low. Awareness campaigns should be re-packaged to reach rural dwellers and those with lower education.
Self-reported sulphonamide hypersensitivity reactions in adults living in Ibadan, Nigeria: Across-sectional, community-based study
(Nigerian Medical Association, Rivers State Branch., 2015) Akpan R. M.; Kotila A. O.; Akpa M. O.; Fawole O.; Falusi G. A.; Babalola P. C.
Background: Documentation of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is critical to a safe health delivery system. The aim of our study was to explore the prevalence of self-reported sulphonamide hypersensitivity reactions in a community based sample of the general population in Ibadan, Nigeria. We also examined sociodemographic factors associated with ADRs in the sample. Patients and Methods: The study was cross-sectional in design with study sites in urban, semiurban, and rural settlement areas. Pretested questionnaires were administered on a one-on-one basis by trained interviewers. Frequency tables and percentages were computed for various levels of the variables. Chi-square test was used to assess the relationship between sulphonamide hypersensitivity and variables such as sociodemographic characteristics of respondents, respondents' knowledge of drugs, as well as drug sources. Variables found to be significantly associated with sulphonamide hypersensitivity were further investigated using multiple logistic regressions analysis Results: Out of the 1062 respondents, 15.5% reported hypersensitivity to sulphonamides with skin reactions being the most prevalent. The proportion reporting ADRs was significantly higher among respondents with tertiary education (23.1%) than any other level of education (P = 0.008). In addition, individuals who were very knowledgeable about drug use (odds ratio[OR]: 2.07; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15–3.73) and persons who got drugs from hospitals (OR: 2.00; 95% CI: 1.10–3.65) were more likely to report ADRs than those who were ignorant about drugs and those who purchased drugs from open markets, respectively. Conclusion: Prevalence of sulphonamide hypersensitivity is high among respondents, and ADRs is likely to be reported by people who are knowledgeable about drug use.