Browsing by Author "Awoyemi, O. V."

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Cobalt chloride exposure dose dependently induced hepatotoxicity through enhancement of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/B- cell associated protein X (BAX) signaling and genotoxicity in wistar rats
(Wiley, 2017-02) Awoyemi, O. V.; Okotie, U. J.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Omobowale, T. O.; Asenuga, E. R.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Ogunpolu, B. S.
Cobalt chloride (CoCl2) is one of the many environmental contaminants, used in numerous industrial sectors. It is a pollutant with deadly toxicological consequences both in developing and developed countries. We investigated toxicological impact of CoCl2 on hepatic antioxidant status, apoptosis, and genotoxicity. Forty Wistar rats were divided into four groups, 10 rats per group: Group 1 served as control and received clean tap water orally; Group 2 received CoCl2 solution (150 mg/L); Group 3 received CoCl2 solution (300 mg/L); and Group 4 received CoCl2 (600 mg/L) in drinking water for 7 days, respectively. Exposure of rats to CoCl2 led to a significant decline in hepatic antioxidant enzymes together with significant increase in markers of oxidative stress. Immunohistochemistry revealed dose-dependent increase in cyclooxygenase-2 and BAX expressions together with increased frequency of Micronucleated Polychromatic Erythrocytes. Combining all, CoCl2 administration led to hepatic damage through induction of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
Dietary protocatechuic acid ameliorates dextran sulphate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis and hepatotoxicity in rats
(The Royal Society of Chemistiy, 2016) Farombi, E. O. || || || || || || ||; Adedara, I. A.; Awoyemi, O. V.; Njoku, C. R.; Micah, G. O.; Esogwa, C. U.; Owumi, S. E.; Olopade, J. O.
The present study investigated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of dietary protocatechuic acid (PCA), a simple hydrophilic phenolic compound commonly found in many edible vegetables, on dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis and its associated hepatotoxicity in rats. PCA was administered orally at 10 mg kg-1 to dextran sulphate sodium exposed rats for five days. The result revealed that administration of PCA significantly (p < 0.05) prevented the incidence of diarrhea and bleed- ing, the decrease in the body weight gain, shortening of colon length and the increase in colon mass index in DSS-treated rats. Furthermore, PCA prevented the increase in the plasma levels of pro-inflamma- tory cytokines, markers of liver toxicity and markedly suppressed the DSS-mediated elevation in colonie nitric oxide concentration and myeloperoxidase activity in the treated rats. Administration of PCA significantly protected against colonie and hepatic oxidative damage by increasing the antioxidant status and concomitantly decreased hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation levels in the DSS-treated rats. More- over, histological examinations confirmed PCA chemoprotection against colon and liver damage. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that PCA significantly inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression in the colon of DSS-treated rats. In conclusion, the effective chemoprotective role of PCA in colitis and the associated hepatotoxicity is related to its intrinsic anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties.