Browsing by Author "Makanjuola, O. B."

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Antimalarial use and the associated factors in rural Nigeria following implementation of Affordable Medicines Facility-Malaria (AMFM) price subsidy
(Science Publications, 2013) Efunshile, A. M.; Fowotade, A.; Makanjuola, O. B.; Oyediran, E. I.; Olusanya, O. O.; Koenig, B.
Purpose This study was set out to find out the pattern of antimalarial drug use in a Nigerian rural community following the aggressive price subsidy of Artemisinin Combination Therapy(ACT) recently embarked upon by Roll Back Malaria partners through Affordable Medicines Facility-malaria (AMFm). Methods Questioners were administered to 310 adult members of the community with the most recent malaria episodes so as to find out about the drugs used and some of the factors associated with the choice of the drug. Result Although the overall use of ACT (13.55%) in this community was about 4 times higher than what it used to be, Chloroquine 123(39.62%) and sulphadozine/pyrimathamine 120(38.71%) were the mostly used antimalarial agents. Choice of drug used was significantly associated with perception of efficacy and price among other factors. Respondents liked the price of ACT (33.3%) most, CQ was the drug most liked in terms of efficacy (44.2%) while SP was the drug most liked in terms of lack of side effect (38.9%), taste (61.6%) and convenience (35.7%).( P= 0.001) Conclusion In addition to sustaining the current price control, there is a need to continuously monitor and effectively regulate the quality of the ACTs in circulation so as to gain the confidence of both the prescribers and the end users regarding efficacy and adherence to ACTs. This will help to safeguard the huge investment in ACT subsidy by the Roll Back Malaria partners.
Candida species causing vulvovaginitis among patients in Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State: A retrospective cross-sectional study.
(2024) Ajani, T. A.; Elikwu, C. J.; Tuta, K. E.; Shonekan, O. A.; Okangba, C. C.; Anaedobe, C. G.; Ebeigbe, E.; Osinowo, A. O.; Makanjuola, O. B.; Ogunbiyi, A. I.; Sadare, O. A.; Oluwasola, T. O.; Nwadike, V. U.
Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is one of the most common infections in females. In recent decades, reports of incidence of non-albicans candida species causing VVC is increasing and this has led to a lot of therapeutic failures. Thus, this study aimed to detect Candida species among women who presented with VVC in Babcock University Teaching Hospital (BUTH), Ogun State. Methods: This was a cross-sectional retrospective hospital-based study carried out in BUTH. Candida isolates from high vaginal swab of 82 women who presented with VVC at the gynecology and family medicine clinics of the hospital were retrieved for a period of 2 years, January 2019 till December 2020. The isolates were analyzed by standard medical microbiology technique. Information on sociodemographic and behavioral factors were retrieved from clinical case notes. The data were analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistics version 26. Results: The 82 isolates analyzed yielded 87 species of Candida. Out of the 87 isolates of Candida, the albicans species were 50 (57.5%) while the non-albicans were 37 (42.5%). Among the non-albicans species, 16 (43.2%) Candida krusei had the highest frequency while 7 (19.0%) Candida tropicalis had the least and the other isolates that are unidentified by CHROMagaar accounted for 14 (37.8%). Candida albicans was predominant among 12/18 (66.7%) participants with present multiple sex partners. C. albicans was significantly associated with hormonal contraceptives and C. krusei with wearing of tight and nylon underwear, respectively, on bivariate analysis (P < 0.05) Conclusion: C. albicans was the predominant identified species from this study; however, the prevalence of the non-albicans candida species was still high
Chlamydia trachomatis infection among pelvic inflammatory disease patients attending the gynaecology clinic of a private tertiary hospital in Ogun State, Nigeria.
(2024) Ajani, T. A.; Elikwu, C. J.; Makanjuola, O. B.; Okangba, C. C.; Oluwasola, T. A.; Anaedobe, C. G.
Background: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is one of the very serious complications arising from sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and Chlamydia trachomatis has been implicated as one of the commonest causes of STI. Considering the adverse sequelae of PID, there is a need for locally relevant data which will guide preventive and therapeutic efforts. Detection of a combination of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin A (IgA) has been described as an indicator of an actively chronic infection Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection by the use of IgA and IgG and evaluate the associated risk factors among females that presented with Pelvic inflammatory disease at the gynaecology clinic of Babcock University Teaching Hospital. Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria. (BUTH) Materials and Methods: This was a hospital–based, case-controlled study involving 44 patients diagnosed with PID and 44 age-matched controls at the gynaecology clinic of BUTHI. Interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to obtain information on socio-demographic characteristics, and risk factors for PID, from consenting participants. Blood samples were collected from each participant and analysed, using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, for Chlamydia trachomatis type specific for IgA and IgG. Analysis was done by SPSS, IBM version 23.0 Results: Both IgG and IgA were present in 15 cases (34.1%) as compared to none of the controls. The difference between Chlamydia IgG, IgA and (IgG+IgA) among the cases and the controls were statistically significant. Majority of the participants positive for the immunoglobulins were aged 25 years or younger (11, 73.3%), number of lifetime sex partners and age of first sexual intercourse being 18 years or younger were statistically associated with Chlamydia trachomatis causing PID. Conclusion: Chlamydia trachomatis remains an important causative pathogen of PID and more prevalent among the young people. Screening is advocated among the young in resource limited countries.
Survey of users’ perceptions of clinical microbiology laboratory services in Nigeria
(Oyo National Postgraduate Medical College of Nigeria, 2012) Efunshile, A. M.; Fowotade, A.; Makanjuola, O. B.; Oyediran, E. I. O.; Olusanya, O. O.; Koenig, B.
Background:The Clinical Microbiology laboratory is expected to adequately measure and monitor its performance by actively and routinely soliciting from its clients their level of satisfaction with services received and use the information to develop processes that meet customer’s needs. This survey was done in order to objectively identify some of the challenges faced by laboratory end users in Nigeria with a view to proffering feasible solutions to such problems. Methods: Semi –structured, pre-tested Questionnaires administered to laboratory users in 2 teaching hospitals in Nigeria to find out their level of satisfaction with various aspects of laboratory services. One is a Federal Government hospital with 620 bed spaces and 7 full time Consultant Clinical Microbiologists while the other hospital is owned by State Government and has 280 bed spaces, 1 full time plus 2 visiting Consultant Clinical Microbiologists. Results: There is a general low level customer satisfaction observed in this study. Only 27.8% and 5.4% of respondents from UCH and LTH respectively agreed that laboratory user’s handbook was available while about 38.3% and 22.5% respectively agreed that laboratory turnaround time was satisfactory. Respondents from UCH and LTH who agreed that it was easy to obtain expert advice from Consultant Clinical Microbiologists were 45.1% and 20.2% respectively. About 94.7% and 88.8% of respondents from UCH and LTH respectively agreed that request forms were easy to fill while 76.7% and 68.5% respectively agreed that expert advice obtained from Consultant Clinical Microbiologists were helpful in the management of their patients. Discussion, conclusion and recommendation: The general low level of customer satisfaction observed from the 2 hospitals may be attributable to the general inadequate health workforce and infrastructure in Nigeria where the government spend only 6.4% of its annual budget on health which is far below expectation. The particularly lower level of customer satisfaction in LTH may be due to the fact that there is only one full time Clinical Microbiologist in the in the laboratory. These laboratories can make the best out of the situation at hand by improving their communication with the users so as to make them appreciate the actual cost of tests andtime required to generate results.