Browsing by Author "Okanlawan, B. M."

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A study of bacteriological quality of street-hawked milk in Ilesha Metroplolis, Osun State, Nigeria
(Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), 2021) Okunye, O. L.; Idowu, P. A.; Okanlawan, B. M.; Ojieabu, W. A.; Coker, E. M.
Milk, a nutrient-rich liquid food produced in the mammary glands of mammals, contains low bacterial counts when it leaves the udder, but it may get contaminated from the environment, exterior of udder, water, soil, milkers’ hands and utensils. Contamination can serve as a source of spread of certain harmful human bacterial diseases like tuberculosis, diphtheria, salmonellosis and food poisoning if consumed in raw form. This study, therefore, was designed to evaluate bacteriological quality of milk samples collected from various localities within Ilesha metropolis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty (20) samples of fresh raw milk were collected in sterilized bottles from various nomadic milk hawkers in Ilesha. Methylene blue reductase test, standard plate count on standard plate count agar and isolation of possible pathogens using selective culture media was carried out on the samples. RESULTS Of the 20 samples of raw milk collected for bacteriological analysis, 3 samples were found to be of excellent quality, 5 were very good, 4 were good, 5 were fair and 3 were of poor quality. The actual standard plate count for excellent and very good quality ranged between 33-54 and 62 - 80 colony forming units (cfu). The organisms isolated and biochemically characterized from the raw milk samples were found contaminated with Escherichia coli (4 strains), Staphylococcus aureus (8 strains), Streptococcus pyogenes (5 strains), Streptococcus agalactiae (3 strains) and Enterobacter aerogenes (5 strains). CONCLUSION The results obtained from this study showed that the milk sold in raw form could be hazardous to human health if sold without adopting hygienic measures.
Prevalence and plasmid D NA profiles of antibiotic resistant bacterial isolates from mobile phones of volunteer University students in Sagamu Nigeria.
(Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, 2021) Okunye, O. L.; Idowu, P. A.; Okanlawan, B. M.; Idowu, A. O.; Oyinloye, E. O.
Background: Mobile phones are devices that can receive and make calls over a radio frequency link while the user is moving within a telephone service area. They are indispensable devices for professional and social life. There is a potential for microbial colonization of this device from the users. This study evaluated the prevalence, resistance to conventional antibiotics and plasmid profiles of some selected bacterial isolates from the phones of volunteers’ students. Methods: A total number of one hundred (100) phone swab samples were collected and inoculated in peptone broth and incubated overnight. The inoculums were thereafter sub-cultured in different culture media for the isolation of various bacteria and their identity were confirmed using standard biochemical tests; catalase test, coagulase test, oxidase test, indole test, methyl red test, DNAse test, citrate utilization and haemolysis test. Antibiotic susceptibility using modified Kirby Bauer methods and plasmid profile analysis of some selected resistant isolates were determined. Results: The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus had the highest (62%) followed by Escherichia coli (50%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa (44%), Streptococcus spp (20%) and coagulase negative staphylococci (18%) respectively. The antibiogram of the biochemically characterized isolates showed varied patterns of antibiotics resistance and plasmid molecular weights profiles. Conclusion: The prevalence of pathogenic bacteria with remarkable resistance to a broad spectrum of antibiotics and with plasmids of varied molecular weights from the phones of the volunteers showed the potential of the phones as a possible agent of transmission of pathogenic infection.