Browsing by Author "Oluwasanu M. M."

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Cervical Cancer and Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Knowledge, Utilisation, Prevention Educational Interventions and Policy Response in Nigeria: A Scoping Review
(SAGE Publications, 2022) John-Akinola Y. O.; Ndikom C. M.; Oluwasanu M. M.; Adebisi T.; Odukoya O.
Purpose: This review evaluated the knowledge, utilisation, prevention education, and policy response across the six geo political regions of Nigeria to inform national efforts for the prevention and control of cervical cancer. Methods: A keyword-based systematic search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE (NCBI), Google Scholar, and AJOL electronic databases, including a manual scan of papers, journals and websites to identify relevant peer-reviewed studies. Articles were screened and assessed for eligibility. Results: Many (158) articles were downloaded and after duplicates were removed, 110 articles were included in the final analysis. These were made up of qualitative, quantitative (cross-sectional), intervention and policy studies. Studies have generally reported poor knowledge and awareness of cervical cancer screening but those carried out in urban areas demonstrated a slightly higher level of awareness of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccine, HPV vaccination uptake and utilization of cervical cancer preventive services than the rural studies. The studies did not show strong government support or policies in relation to cervical cancer control. Conclusion: Knowledge and uptake of cervical cancer preventive services across diverse groups in Nigeria remain poor. These could be linked to socio-cultural factors, the lack of an organised cervical cancer screening programme and low financial resource pool for cervical cancer prevention. Therefore, it is necessary to increase government, donor prioritisation and political support in order to ensure increased investment and commitment to cervical cancer elimination in Nigeria.
Knowledge of cervical cancer and barriers to screening among women in a city in Northern Nigeria
(Springer, 2021-05-03) Hauwa, I.; Oluwasanu M. M.; John-Akinola, Y.; Oyewole, O. E.
Aim This study assessed the knowledge of cervical cancer and barriers to cervical screening uptake among women of reproductive age in a city in Northern Nigeria to guide the development of interventions. Subject and Methods This was a cross-sectional study with women aged 15 to 49 years. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 230 women in Gombe state, Nigeria. A semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics at 0.05 level of significance. Results The respondents’ age was 29.6 ± 8.06 years and 52.2% were Muslims. Over one third (34.3%) have tertiary-level education. Few (4.8%) had good knowledge of cancer of the cervix. Only 9.5% of the respondents aged 25-49 years had undergone cervical cancer screening using pap smear test; the majority (90.5%) did not have access to cervical cancer screening services in their communities. Barriers to cervical cancer screening uptake were: low perception of risk (32.8%), screening not recommended by a health worker (32.8%), poor awareness (32.2%) and lack of of clinics for cervical cancer screening in their communities (31.5%). There was an association between respondents’ attitude, educational level, income, religion, availability of cervical cancer screening services in communities, and the uptake of cervical cancer screening (p < 0.05). Conclusion This study provides information on the barriers to cervical screening uptake by women of reproductive age in northern Nigeria. These highlight the need for multi-component, multi-level interventions in Northern Nigeria to improve knowledge on the benefits of cervical screening. Targeted interventions on the identified barriers are the key steps to eliminatethe challenges to cervical screening utilisation.
Process evaluation of an intervention to improve access to injectable contraceptive services through patent medicine vendors in Nigeria: a mixed methods study
(Springer Nature, 2021) Oluwasanu M. M.; Adebayo, A. M.; Okunade, F. T.; Ajayi, O.; Akindele, A. O.; Stanback, J.; Ajuwon, A. J.
Background: The low utilisation of modern contraceptives in many low- and middle-income countries remains a challenge. Patent medicine vendors (PMVs) that operate in the informal health sector, have the potential to address this challenge. Between 2015 and 2018, the Population Council, in collaboration with the Federal and State Ministries of Health and the Pharmacy Council of Nigeria, trained PMVs in six states to deliver injectable contraceptive services. Outcome evaluation demonstrated increased client uptake of injectable contraceptive services; however, there is limited information on how and why the intervention influenced outcomes. This study was conducted to elucidate the processes and mechanism through which the previous intervention influenced women’s utilisation of injectable contraceptive services. Methods: The study utilised a mixed methods, convergent parallel design guided by the UK Medical Research Council framework. Quantitative data were obtained from 140 trained PMVs and 145 of their clients in three states and 27 in-depth interviews were conducted among relevant stakeholders. The quantitative data were analysed descriptively, while the qualitative data were analysed thematically. Results: The results revealed that even after the completion of the PMV study which had a time-bound government waiver for injectable contraceptive service provision by PMVs, they continued to stock and provide injectables in response to the needs of their clients contrary to the current legislation which prohibits this. The causal mechanism that influenced women’s utilisation of injectable contraceptives were the initial training that the PMV received; the favourable regulatory environment as demonstrated in the approval provided by government for PMVs to provide injectable contraceptives for the duration of the study; and the satisfaction and the confidence the female clients had developed in the ability of the PMVs to serve them. However, there were gaps with regards to the consistent supply of quality injectable contraceptive commodities and in PMVs use of job aids. Referral and linkages to government or private-owned facilities were also sub-optimal. Conclusion: PMVs continue to play important roles in family planning service provision; this underscores the need to formalize and scale-up this intervention to aid their integral roles coupled with multi-faceted initiatives to enhance the quality of their services.