Browsing by Author "Onasanwo, S. A."

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    Ameliorative effects of Musa sapientum peel extract on acetic acid-induced colitis in rats
    (The Egyptian German Society for Zoology, 2016) Adegoke, G. A.; Onasanwo, S. A.; Eyarefe, O. D.; Olaleye, S. B.
    Ameliorative effects of Musa sapientum peel extract (MSPE) were studied on Acetic Acid (AA)-induced colitis in rats. From a dose response study, the effective and yet, safe for the treatment of AA-induced colitis in rats was determined, and also, a further study was carried out to determine the effective fraction(s) of MSPE that will be useful in the treatment of AA induced colitis in rats. Colitis was induced with 0.2 ml of 6% acetic acid through a lower abdominal laparotomy. Treatment with graded doses of methanolic extract of dried peel of Musa sapientum (MS) (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) for 7 days in AA induced colitis in rats showed 50 mg/kg as an optimal effective dose for the healing of AA induced colitis in rats. This dose (50 mg/kg) was further studied with fractions of MSPE in comparison to a standard drug (sulfasalazine) of the same dose (50 mg/kg) on AA induced colitis in rats for 18 days. Colitis was assessed using stool consistency, macroscopic gross score and histological studies. Normal stool consistency was seen early in treated animals as compared with control; MS peel (crude extracts and fractions) significantly reduced macroscopic and histologic colon tissue damage in a manner similar to that of sulfasalazine. The results from these findings suggests that MSPE fractions of ethyl acetate and methanol may be effective in reducing both macroscopic and histological damage in a manner similar to sulfasalazine, and that it may be helpful in the treatment of colitis
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    The anxiolytic properties of vernonia amygdalina (asteraceae) in laboratory mice
    (Ibadan Biomedical Communications Group, 2016) Onasanwo, S. A.; Aitokhuehi, N. G.; Ajayi, T. O.; Faborode, O. S.
    Anxiety is a state of excessive fear and is characterized by motor sympathetic hyperactivity, apprehension and vigilance syndromes. Vernonia amygdalina commonly called bitter leaf, belongs to the family Astaraceae, and has been reported to be used locally in the treatment of psychiatric challenges. However, no work has been reported on pharmacological potentials of ethyl acetate fraction of Vernonia amygdalina on anxiety. This study was therefore designed to investigate the effect of ethyl acetate fraction Vernonia amygdalina (EAVA) on anxiety status in mice. The air-dried leaves of Vernonia amygdalina (VA) pulverized and macerated in methanol for 72 hours, before the extract was partitioned into n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions. The anxiolytic-like effect of EAVA was investigated using the elevated plus maze (EPM), elevated zero maze (EZM) and light- dark test (LDT). The results obtained were expressed as mean ± S.E.M. Data were analyzed using One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), followed by Newman-Keuls' multiple comparisons test, P<0.05. Vernonia amygdalina showed anxiolytic-like effect in mice, 50- 100mg/kg were significantly different from control by the time spent in the open arms in elevated plus maze and elevated zero maze, and the time spent in light chamber in the light-dark test. In conclusion, this study has shown that ethyl acetate fraction from Vernonia amygdalina possess anxiolytic-like effects. However, further work need to be done to ascertain its mechanism of action.