scholarly works

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Men in Women Industrial Space: Male Hairdressers of Ibadan, Nigeria
(SAGE Publishing, 2022) Ademuson, A. O.; Ayinde, O.; Akanle. O.
A definitive element of labor market is gender-based occupational segregation. Most previous studies on the subject of gender and labor have concentrated on gender mainstreaming and glass ceiling in formal economy with little attention to gender and informal economy. Hence, there has been very little attention to men venturing into female areas of traditional informal economy of Africa. This article, therefore, contributes fresh insights and interesting new knowledge on the emerging gender dynamics in contexts of Africa’s informal economy usually dominated by women. This article investigates men’s involvement in hairdressing, an area commonly considered as women’s jobs, the factors that led men to engage in hairdressing, the unique challenges male hairdressers face as a result of working in a female-dominated field, and their coping mechanisms. Qualitative and quantitative data gathered were analyzed through Content analysis (qualitative data) and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS; quantitative data). Quantitative data were analyzed at univariate and bivariate levels. The results show that a large percentage of the customers prefer Male Hairdressers as they believe male hairdressers are good at the profession. Findings suggest the country’s high unemployment rate is, largely accountable, for men’s venturing into the Hairdressing Industry as an adaptive mechanism in complicated and precarious socioeconomic context and tidal system of social change.
Sociology of Vilfredo Pareto: Nigeria in Context. Ibadan
(Department of Psychology at the University of Ibadan in Nigeria, 2021) Akanle. O.; Ogundairo, J. A.; Adejare, G. S.; Ademuson, A.
Theories remain cornerstones of understanding social realities and this is especially so in social and sociological theories. It is, as a matter of fact, impossible to sustainably professionally explain social realities and phenomena without affinity and allusions to sociological and social theories. It is against this background that this article examines and explains the Nigeria’s leadership conundrum, existential comatose, social debacles, structural fixations and retrogressions as well as political and economic logjams within the theoretical prisms of Pareto Sociology to contribute strategically to the unanswered development questions of Nigeria. While this article is intrinsically theoretical, it is practical, polemic, pragmatic, discursive and engaging in manners that are relevant not only the academy, scholarship and literature but also to practice and leadership in Nigeria, Africa and globally.
Social Capital and Cooperative Society Lending In Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
(Nigerian Anthropological and Sociological Association (NASA), 2019) Awofeso, O. A.; Ademuson, A. O.
Cooperatives societies are seen as dependable and quick financial bailout institutions which can be used by business owners to secure quick and minimum interest on loans. This ethnographic study provides an understanding of the lending activities and criteria of obtaining a loan from co-operative societies in Ibadan, Nigeria as well as the social factors influencing how people access these loans. This empirical study gathered data using unobtrusive observation by attending weekly meetings of the cooperative (comprising of 102 members), asking questions during discussion times in the meeting as well as interacting with members of the co-operative society for 18 months. Additionally, 10 key informant interviews were done. Findings show that a strong social capital is needed and vital in obtaining loans in a co-operative society. The study concluded that cooperative societies are effective in lending business loans and supporting entrepreneurship but intending members must plan to join alongside others who can stand as guarantors for them in order to access loans easily and quickly. It is recommended that cooperative societies should find a modality of assisting those with no social resource to stand for them as guarantor in order to be able to help more people to start or grow their business enterprise. Those with no social resources should mingle well with other members in order to build one.
Gender Paradoxes and Agricultural monopoly in Nigeria: Implications for Policy and food (in) Security in Africa
(Ife Centre for Psychological Studies/Services (ICPS), 2017) Akanle, O.; Adesina, J. O.; Ademuson, A. O.
There is no doubt that Africa today is food challenged (insecure) and confront huge poverty despite the fact that much of African lands are arable and suitable for agriculture. This is essentially paradoxical. While policies and scholarly attempts have focused the roles of mechanization, processing, subsidies, redistribution, export and, recently, climate change, the role of gender relative to sustainability, social justice, exclusion/inclusion and agricultural optimization for food security remains largely policy and scholarly appendages. This is however not surprising given the patriarchal econo-social and power relations in most African societies only also playing out in land and agricultural space. It is impossible to have agriculture without the important roles of women, as women are responsible for about 80 percent of agricultural productions through their small farm holdings. Yet, local and global monopolies do not factor in the role of women sufficiently and often marginalize women thereby creating a gulf of sidelined critical gender mass. This gender sidelining is not only in terms of access to land, but also in terms of access to inputs, food and agricultural commodity markets that are mostly male dominated. This is more so in exchange and transactional terms as well as at policy domains. This paper thus maintains that the continued lack of real, substantial and practical appreciation of the role of women in agriculture through policies, interventions and practices contributes highly to the high level of food insecurity and policy failures in Africa and this only demonstrate the unsustainability of current lopsided agricultural monopolies in Africa. This paper brings useful Nigerian case studies that will contribute immensely to the ongoing debate on the problematic in manners that will enrich scholarship, policy and practice on the continent.
Gender role and Vocational experiences of married women beer Parlour operators in Ibadan, Nigeria
(Department of Sociology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria/Pluto Journals, 2017) Ademuson, A. O.; Ojedokun, U. A.
Despite the increasing recognition of gender role as a major factor contributing to gender inequality, it still largely guides people’s vocational preference in Nigeria. On this basis, this article examined the influence of gender role on the vocational experiences of married women beer parlour operators in Ibadan, Nigeria. Data were generated through in-depth interview and focus group discussion methods. Labelling and self-determination theories were utilised as theoretical framework. Purposive and quota sampling techniques were adopted for the selection of 21 married women beer parlour operators and 28 customers. Findings indicated that the needs for self-fulfilment and financial independence were the major motivating factors responsible for the women’s choice of vocation. Nearly all the women attributed their success in beer parlour business to their husbands’ support. The major vocational-related challenge confronting married women beer parlour operators is negative perception by some members of the public.
SOCIALCONSTRUCTION OF CORRUPTIONINNIGERIA
(2023-08) NKPE,D.O.
Globally, corruption threatens good governance, service delivery and the rule of law. In Nigeria, it undermines efficiency in organisations and institutions. Existing studies on corruption examined causes, measurement, consequences, prevalence and strategies for fighting corruption. However, scant attention has been paid to the social construction of corruption. This study was, therefore, designed to identify behaviours defined as corrupt activities; predisposing factors; strategies used to execute corrupt practices; factors that determine people’s receptivity to corruption; the role of the media in its construction; and how power relations moderate corrupt practices in Abuja.The social construction theory provided the framework, while a cross-sectional design was employed. Abuja was purposively selected based on the high concentration of federal ministries, departments and agencies. Three Area Councils (Abuja Municipal, Bwari and Gwagwalada) were randomly selected. Using Yamane’s (1967) sample size determination formula, 1300 respondents were sampled. Systematic sampling was used to proportionately administer a structured questionnaire to respondents (aged ≥18 years) in Abuja Municipal (438), Bwari (433) and Gwagwalada (429) councils. Twenty-one key informant interviews were conducted with two judges, six lawyers, six civil society groups’ officials, and seven community leaders. Thirty in-depth interviews (six with each group) were conducted with lecturers, politicians, contractors, procurement officers and commercial drivers. Nine focus group discussion sessions (three in each) were held with students, journalists and anti-graft agencies’ officials to examine the social construction of corruption. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square at p≤0.05 while the qualitative data were content-analysed.The respondents’ ages were 34.87±10.82 years, with 47.8% working in the public sector. The majority of the respondents (92.2%) defined certain behaviour – nepotism, conversion of public property to private use, diversion of public funds to unbudgeted projects – as highly corrupt activities. This was significantly related to age (x2=47.12), education (x2=29.86), occupation (x2=65.11) and income (x2=34.82). Greed (66.4%), poverty (22.5%) and weak laws (11.1%) predisposed people to corrupt behaviour. Ineffective law enforcement (48.6%) and loopholes in government financial systems (14.9%) made public office holders vulnerable to corruption. Distortion of financial records (98.5%), payment of ghost workers (98.5%) and charging unauthorised fees (97.9%) were strategies reported to be used to execute corruption. Gift-giving culture (86.8%) and payment of fines in lieu of a jail term by corrupt officials (93.6%) strongly determined people’s receptivity to corruption. Trivialisation of corrupt cases and biased reportage by the media during trials, due to fear of persecution of reporters, affected how society constructed corruption. When seeking public service, the person with less power was more inclined to offer a bribe than the one in a position of authority.Greed, poverty and shabby implementation of anti-corruption laws predisposed people to corrupt behaviour and influenced how they construct corruption. There is a need for relevant authorities to sensitise the public against patronising the culture of corruption.
Diaspora grand-mothering in Nigeria
(2022) Busari,D.A; Adebayo,K.O
Leaving children in the care of grandparents is a fairly common practice in close knit societies such as Nigeria. This service of providing childcare by grandmothers is however taking a transnational form with the exportation of grandmothers from Nigeria to care for grandchildren whose parents, out of economic necessity, must work fulltime. This article explores the dynamics of Nigerian grandmothers providing childcare to grandchildren in the diaspora, using twenty-five grandmothers selected in Ibadan,Southwest Nigeria based on their experience of this phenomena. Study found that participants were motivated to undertake diaspora childcare out of empathy for the younger couples, the feeling of a sense of duty, perceived knowledge of childcare, selffulfilment, cultural norms, and the need to minimize the cost of childcare for couples in the diaspora. The sense of being ‘available’ played a significant role in participants’ decision to provide childcare abroad. The study equally showed that the practice had both emotional and social impact on the grandmothers involved. The research advances the significance of diaspora grandmother child care services as a critical part of the broader debate on companionship and gender roles in old age,especially in Africa, where elders remain key transmitters of societal norms and values.
physical disability is a measure
(Department of sociolgy,Osun State universtiy,Osogbo, 2020) Busari,D; Baruwa,L
Physical disability is a measurable limitation that interferes with a person's physical or rnental impairment that is long term or recurring and limits substantially their potentials of entry intp and advancement in employment. The degree of the limitation is often dependent on the form of impairment, as well as the resilience of both the individual and society. These variances in forms and adaptation modes constitute major problems faced by physically challenged students. Study examined resilience strategies adopted by students with physical disabilities ill tertiary institutions in Ibadan. Data collected using in-depth interviews from fifty student with physical disabilities, selected using purposive and snowballing sampling techniques and analysed thematically. Result indicated that institutional facilities or support put in placc: f o ~ students with physical disabilities in tertiary institutions are often inadequate, and at other times, entirely non-existent, forcing them to depend on the good will of non-disabled peers to get by.
Transactional politics: the manifestations of the challenges of 'infrastructure of the stomach' and 'infrastructure for the stomach' in Nigeria
(2020) Busari,D
In Nigeria, the politics of poverty and the poverty of politics seem to have coalesced to produce a phenomenon known as 'infrastructure of the stomach' in the polity. Infrastructure of the stomach is a politically induced lexicon that gives a diametrically opposed verdict of representation and empowerment. 'Stomach infrastructure' is a reality projected by the Nigerian politicians on the vulnerable electorate who for poverty are encouraged to mortgage their fundamental right of freedom to choose who governs them in exchange for immediate gratification in monetary, food, or other material terms. The literal import of the transactional terminology of 'stomach infrastructure' is the moving of the meaning of infrastructure out of the context of where it is normally found and linking it with the stomach instead. The contradiction generated by the contending forces of 'infrastructure of the stomach' and 'infrastructure for the stomach' is seemingly based on a play on words and plurality of ideologies that takes the meaning of infrastructure out of the context of where it is normally found, linking it instead with the stomach. But the source of its impact is not merely and only linguistic; more properly, it is socio-economic. This binary thinking and nuance dominate, dictate and energise the structure of the Nigeria electoral process; it is either a support for stomach infrastructure which invariably can stand for vote-buying or support for infrastructure of the stomach that may translate to theoverall development of the entire social structure and system
Megamalls and lifestyles of urban dwellers in selected cities in southwest, Nigeria
(2021) Olonade,O.Y; Busari,D.A; Mattew,E; Imhonopi,D; Akinsaya,A.O; George,T.O; Femi,A.F; Adetunde,C.O
The globalization trend in the 21st century has come with tremendous impacts across the nations of the world. Notable among the impacts is the emergence of megamalls and people’s changing lifestyles, resulting in socio-economic and infrastructural development. This study examines megamalls as an offshoot of the globalization process and the changing urban landscape in many cities with their growing population in Nigeria. It focuses on examining the relationship between megamalls and urban dwellers’ lifestyles in Nigeria with implications on population and human infrastructure for sustainable development. The study was conducted in three main cities of Ibadan, Lagos, and Ota in Southwest Nigeria. The study employs a descriptive research design using quantitative (questionnaire) and qualitative (interview) research instruments to elicit information on respondents’ views on shopping malls and how it has contributed to human infrastructure and urban centers’ development. The modernization theory was employed to provide a theoretical guide for the study. Findings show that megamalls, with their aesthetic and magnificent structures, have contributed immensely to the development of urban centers and their dwellers by beautifying the urban environment, sales of quality and affordable goods, and a place for social gatherings relaxation. Therefore, it was recommended that more megamalls be built to meet up with urban dwellers’ growing demands and attract more social development. (Afr J Reprod Health 2021; 25[5s]: 55-67).

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