Scholarly works in Community Medicine

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Author: search.filters.author.Akinmoladun, J. A.

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    Awareness and knowledge of birth defects among antenatal clinic attendees at thè University College Hospital, Ibadan, South-West, Nigeria
    (West African College of Physicians and the West African College of Surgeons, 2021) Akinmoladun, J. A.; Uchendu, O. C.; Lawal, T. A.; Oluwasola, T. A. O.
    BACKGROUND: The burden of birth defects is disproportionately higher in developing countries. OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the knowledge of risk factors and prevention of birth defects among ante-natal clinic attendees at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study among 415 mothers who presented at the antenatal clinic. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on respondents' socio-demographic profile, pregnancy, birth history, knowledge on prevention and risk factors for birth defects. Descriptive statistics was used to present results, independent t-test and ANOVA were used to determine the factors associated with mean of overall knowledge of birth defects. Test statistics was done at a 5% level of statistical significance. RESULTS: The mean age of the women was 31.7 ± 4.8 years. Overall, 93 (22.4%) of the women were above 35 years, 118 (29.9%) were skilled workers and 343 (84,9%) had tertiary education. More than half (219, 52.8%) of the respondents had good knowledge of birth defects (56.4% bad good knowledge of prevention and 66.0% had good knowledge of risk factors). Antenatal clinic attendees in their first trimester had higher. mean overall knowledge score (8.3 4.9) compared to those in second (7.9 4.5) and third (7.9 4.9) trimesters but this was not statistically significant (p=0.873). However, respondents in skilled semi-skilled occupation (8.62) had a significantly higher mean knowledge score compared with those in unskilled occupation/ unemployed (7.33) (p=0,005), CONCLUSION: Knowledge of birth defects is relatively low among women. To reduce the occurrence and severity of birth defects, there is a need to educate mothers on the knowledge, prevention and importance of screening for birth defects.
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    Evaluation of the effectiveness of computed tomography in the diagnosis of orbital tumours in ibadan, southwest Nigeria
    (West african College of Surgeons, 2013) Akinmoladun, J. A.; Adeyinka, A. O.; Uchendu, O.; Akinmoladun, V. I.
    Background: The orbit is a bony cavity within the skull that is composed of many structures which may undergo neoplastic transformation. Failure to diagnose the tumour and determine its extent may lead to high morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of computed tomography in the diagnosis of orbital tumours in our centre. Materials and methods: Computed Tomography images acquired from a multi-sliced CT machine, tissue diagnoses obtained from histopathology reports and patients' clinical records were reviewed. The data were analyzed and presented using frequency tables, percentages and charts as appropriate. Results: Sixty six patients made up of 34 (51.6%) males and 32 (48.4%) females were studied. The ages ranged between 1 and 80 years with a mean of 35 years. Majority (50%) of the patients were in their 4th – 6th decades of life. While secondary orbital tumours were seen in 42 (63.6%) patients, primary tumours occurred in 23 (34.8%) cases. Metastatic deposit was seen in 1 (1.6%) patient. Bone was the most commonly affected orbital tissue. The CT diagnoses of benign and malignant tumours were accurate when compared with histopathological diagnoses in 80.6% and 96.7 % of the cases respectively. Conclusion: Computed Tomography is useful in characterizing the nature, precise location of a lesion within the orbit and to demonstrate the extension of the orbital lesion into contiguous structures. This study showed that Computed tomography is also a useful imaging technique in the diagnosis of orbital tumours with high concordance rate when compared with histological diagnoses.