Scholarly works in Veterinary Surgery and Reproduction

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Author: search.filters.author.Akinrinmade, F. J.Subject: search.filters.subject.Oxidative stress

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    Nephroprotective effect of methanol extract of Moringa oleifera leaves on acute kidney injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion in rats
    (Faculty of Medicine, Makerere University., 2020) Akinrinde, A. S.; Oduwole, O.; Akinrinmade, F. J.; Bolaji-Alab, F. B.
    Background: Moringa oleifera is known to exhibit protection against oxidative damage due to its rich content of compounds with antioxidant activity. This study investigated the protective effect of the methanol extract of Moringa oleifera (MO) in a rat model of renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Methods: Forty two wistar rats were randomly assigned to six groups of seven rats each, as follows: A, control group; B, sham-operated group; C, IR group; D, IR + low dose (200 mg/kg) MO; E, IR + high dose (400 mg/kg) MO and F, IR + Vitamin C (200 mg/kg). Unilateral ischaemia was induced by occluding the left renal artery for 45 minutes followed by rep erfusion up to 24 hours. Results: Moringa oleifera significantly (p<0.05) ameliorated IR-induced increases in malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbon yls (PC) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), while also decreasing serum BUN and Creatinine levels. Moreover, the low dose of MO caused reductions in renal NO and H2O2 levels, while increasing renal GPx and GST activities. Histopathology revealed marked improvement of tissue alterations induced by IR with both doses of MO. Conclusion: Overall, the methanol extract of M. oleifera effectively attenuated the deleterious effects of renal IR via alleviation of tissue oxidative stress.
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    Acute aflatoxin B1-induced gastro-duodenal and hepatic oxidative damage is preceded by time-dependent hyperlactatemia in rats
    (Springer, 2020) Akinrinde, A. S.; Ogunbunmi, T.; Akinrinmade, F. J.
    Elevated serum lactate concentration has been used to predict the risk of fatality in various disease states in acutely ill patients or poisoning with different chemicals. However, its utility in predicting disease progression during acute aflatoxicosis has not been investigated. This study was designed to evaluate changes in blood lactate levels following acute exposure to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and to determine whether changes in blood lactate levels bear any relationship with biochemical and/or morphological lesions in the stomach, duodenum, and liver. Twenty-one male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 7 rats /group) including Group A (control) receiving vehicle alone and Groups B and C treated with single oral doses of AFB1 at 2.5 and 5 mg/kg, respectively. AFB1 produced significant (p < 0.05) time- and dose-dependent increase in blood lactate concentration as early as 1 h following its administration, with further increases observed at 3 h and 6 h. The hyperlactatemia accompanied tissue oxidative changes including increased H2O2 and MDA, as well as depletion in glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and total thiols in gastro-duodenal and hepatic tissues. The oxidative changes were reflected in morphological alterations observed at histopathology with more severe lesions observed with the higher dose of AFB1. Serum levels of pro inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) were, however, differently modified by AFB1 administration. Taken together, the results from this study gives indication that hyperlactatemia may find utility in predicting the severity of tissue damage induced by acute AFB1 exposure.