FACULTY OF CLINICAL SCIENCES

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Author: search.filters.author.Ugalahi, M. O.Subject: search.filters.subject.Cataract

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    Preoperative visual acuity of cataract patients at a tertiary hospital in sub-Saharan Africa: a 10-year review
    (SAGE publishing, 2019) Ugalahi, M. O.; Uchendu, O. C.; Ugalahi, L. O.
    Purpose: To determine the preoperative visual acuity of cataract patients over a 10-year period in a tertiary facility as a means of auditing the cataract surgical services. Methods: A retrospective study of patients with age-related cataracts who had cataract surgery performed between January 2007 and December 2016 at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. Systematic random sampling and probability proportionate to size were used to recruit a representative sample. Information on sociodemographic characteristics, preoperative visual acuity, ocular and systemic comorbidities were retrieved and analysed. Results: Of the 499 patients studied, males were 268 (53.7%) and their mean age was 67.69 ( }9.51) years. The predominant visual acuity was hand motion 184 (36.9%) and yearly mean preoperative visual acuity was in the range of 0.0037–0.04 decimal. Conclusion: The mean preoperative visual acuity of patients in this facility did not change over the 10-year study period. Mean value of preoperative visual acuity remained within the range of blindness and did not improve over the decade. This could either be a reflection of visual impairment at which our patients seek care or an indication of the range of visual acuities at which surgeons are willing to offer cataract surgery in our environment. This trend has negative implications on the burden of cataract blindness as it reflects poor coverage of surgery for other levels of visual impairment due to cataract.
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    Is couching rare in the pediatric age group? a report of bilateral couching in a child
    (Wolters Kluwer - Medknow, 2019-12) Ugalahi, M. O.; Ata, A. S.; Olusanya, B. A.; Baiyeroju, A. M.
    Background: Couching, an ancient procedure for cataract surgery, is unfortunately still being practiced in many developing countries. There are several reports of couching in adult populations; however, literature is sparse on its occurrence in children. Case report: We report a case of a 10-year-old boy who had bilateral couching on account of congenital cataracts due to presumed congenital rubella syndrome. The patient had initially presented to our clinic during neonatal period and was scheduled for surgery. Unfortunately, surgery was not performed due to various reasons which were either patient related or health system related. He represented to the eye clinic 6 years post-couching with complaints of poor vision. Conclusion: This report aims to highlight the fact that couching is, indeed, being performed on children’s eyes, especially as a consequence of inefficiencies in the eye healthcare delivery system.
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    Familial cataracts: profile of patients and their families at a child eye care tertiary facility in a developing country
    (2023) Ugalahi, M. O.; Onebunne, E. O.; Olusanya, B. A.; Baiyeroju, A. M.
    Purpose: The aim of this study is to describe the clinical profile, pedigree charting, and management of children with familial cataracts at a child eye health tertiary facility in southwest Nigeria. Methods: The clinical records of children ≤16 years diagnosed with familial cataracts at the Pediatric Ophthalmology Clinic, University College Hospital Ibadan (Ibadan, Nigeria) from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2019, were retrospectively reviewed. Information on demographic data, family history, visual acuity, mean refractive error (spherical equivalent), and surgical management was retrieved. Results: The study included 38 participants with familial cataract. The mean age at presentation was 6.30 ± 3.68 years, with a range of 7 months to 13 years. Twenty-five patients (65.8%) were male. All patients had bilateral involvement. The mean duration from onset of symptoms to presentation at the hospital was 3.71 ± 3.20 years, with a range of 3 months to 13 years. In 16 of the 17 pedigree charts obtained, at least one individual was affected in each generation. The most common cataract morphology was cerulean cataract, observed in 21 eyes (27.6%). The most common ocular comorbidity was nystagmus which was observed in seven patients (18.4%). Sixty-seven eyes of 35 children underwent surgery within the period of the study. The proportion of eyes that had best-corrected visual acuity ≥6 / 18 before surgery was 9.1%; this proportion had increased to 52.7% at the last postoperative visit. Conclusions: Autosomal dominant inheritance appears to be the major pattern among our patients with familial cataract. The most common morphological type found in this cohort was cerulean cataract. Genetic testing and counseling services are vital for the management of families with childhood cataract.