FACULTY OF CLINICAL SCIENCES
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Item Knowledge and Beliefs of Informal Caregivers of Children with Cerebral Palsy in Nigeria Concerning Cerebral palsy(Zambia Medical Association, 2019) Adegbemigun, O. D.; Hamzat, T. K.; Olaleye, O. A.Background: Caregivers of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) play an important role in the habilitation of their wards. Their knowledge and beliefs about CP may affect their disposition to habilitation and the quality of care and habilitation their wards would receive. Knowledge and beliefs of informal caregivers of children with CP in Southwest, Nigeria were investigated in this study. 3 six(71%) respondents reported good knowledge while 9(9.7%) reported poor knowledge about cerebral palsy. Most of the caregivers responded correctly in expressing their belief, causes and management of cerebral palsy Methods: Ninety-three informal caregivers (relatives or friends) of children with CP who routinely provide an average of 3-5hours of care per week without pay were surveyed. A 56-item questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographics, knowledge and beliefs of the informal caregivers about CP. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics of mean, percentages and standard deviation. Results: Participants were aged 36.6 ±8.6 years and their age ranged from 16-66 years. Majority of the respondents (n = 85; 91.4%) were female. Most of the participants (n = 87; 93.5%) were married and (62.4%) had completed tertiary education. Sixty six (71%) respondents reported good knowledge while 9(9.7%) reported poor knowledge about cerebral palsy. Most of the caregivers responded correctly in expressing their belief, causes and management of cerebral palsy Conclusions: Informal caregivers of children with cerebral palsy in southwestern Nigeria had good knowledge and positive beliefs about cerebral palsy hence the need to ensure that they seek appropriate intervention to this condition.Item Factors associated with mortality and long-term outcomes of pediatric acute kidney injury in a resource limited setting(Karger AG, Basel, 2023) Alao, M. A.; Ibrahim, O. R.; Ademola, A. D.; Asinobi, A. O.Introduction: Despite being a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, acute kidney injury (AKI) is worse in resource-limited areas. This study explores AKI incidence, in-hospital mortality, and long-term outcomes in resource limited settings. Methods: This was a prospective study of children with AKI from2014 to 2019. KDIGO 2012 defined AKI. We assessed the etiology, in-hospital mortality, and long-term outcome of AKI in a mission hospital. Results: Only 169 of 201 AKI patients had complete data. The ages ranged from 1.08 months to 17.5 years; 65.7% were male and 65.1% were from lower socioeconomic class. The incidence of AKI was 59.6 cases per 1,000 persons (95%CI: 5.42, 47.1). Most patients had stage 1 KDIGO AKI (91; 53.8%). 1–5 years old had the highest incidence of AKI (65; 38.5%); sepsis (26.6%), severe malaria (15.4%), and nephrotic syndrome (14.8%) were common AKI causes. Fever (72.8%), pallor (52.1%), and vomiting (45.6%) were the most common symptoms. Thirty two (27.8%) patients had high blood pressure. In-hospital mortality was 14.8% (95% CI: 9.8, 21.1). The cumulative incidence of AKI-related mortality was 93.2 per 1,000 person years. Poor outcome was associated with breathlessness, hyponatremia, and leukocytosis. Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed 81% (CI: 74–87%) survival after 5 years of AKI. On Cox proportional-hazards analysis, the absence of breathlessness (HR: 2.537, 95%: CI 1.210–5.317) and hyponatremia (HR: 2.914, 95% CI: 1.343–6.324) were associated with increased survival. Conclusion: In resource-limited settings, infectious diseases and nephrotic syndrome are common causes of AKI. Factors associated with mortality include breathlessness and hyponatremiaItem Ocular injuries in a paediatric population at a child eye health tertiary facility, Ibadan, Nigeria(Elsevier, 2023) Ugalahi, M. O.; Adebusoye, S. O.; Olusanya, B. A.; Baiyeroju, A.Purpose: To determine the pattern, causes and risk factors for ocular injuries amongst children presenting to a tertiary facility in Ibadan, southwest Nigeria Methods: A retrospective review of clinical records of patients aged 16 years and below who presented with ocular injuries to the eye emergency unit between May 2010 and April 2016. Information extracted includes patient’s demography, location and circumstances of injury, clinical findings, and management. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0. Descriptive and inferential statis- tics were calculated. Odds ratio were derived from regression models adjusted for confounders. Significance was set at a P-value of 0.05. Results: A total of 109 children were studied. Majority were boys (male to female ratio = 2.9:1). The median age at presentation was 9 years. Injury occurred at home in 67 (61.5%) children, and at school in 30 (27.5%). More than half of the children were injured during play, 18 (16.5%) during corporal punishment, and 34 (31.2%) by accidents during domestic/schoolwork. Majority (73.4%) were closed globe injuries. The odds of injury with sharp objects and ocular trauma score of 4 or less was were 3.2 times (95% Confidence interval {CI}: 1.3–7.7) and 3.9 times (95% CI:1.4–11.4) higher in children aged 0–5 years respectively. The odds of open globe injury was 9.8 times (95% CI: 3.4–28.6) higher in injury from sharp objects. Wood/stick, cane, stone, broomstick and fist/palm/finger were the agents responsible for two- thirds of injuries. Conclusion: This study revealed that children predominantly sustain ocular injuries at home and younger children have greater odds of severe injuries with profound implications for visual disability. Health education, adult supervision and the application of appropriate measures necessary for reducing the incidence and severity of childhood ocular trauma are advocated.Item Time to return to school in child and adolescent burn for patients from a sub-saharan tertiary hospital(Elsevier Ltd, 2019) Michael, A.I.; Ademola, S.A.; Olawoye, O.A.; Iyun, A.O.; Arowojolu, O.; Oluwatosin, O.M.Background: Africa, with the largest number of paediatric burns needs to focus more attention on paediatric burn survivors. Burn injury truncates schooling in child and adolescent burn patients. The aim of this study was to determine the time to return to school and factors influencing this in child and adolescent burn patients. Methodology: A cross-sectional study of child and adolescent patients aged one to nineteen years that had been managed for bun injuries. Demographic variables were obtained from archived computerized data. Phone interviews were conducted to obtain time to return to school variables using a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, students t test, fishers exact test and Chi square test were uses as appropriate for analysis on data on SPSS version 23. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Thirty-one patients were recruited for the study. There was a female preponderance, 19 (61.3%). The mean age of the patients was 7.2 (±5.3) years. Scald injuries were the commonest [N = 14 (45.2%)] cause of burn. The mean Total Burn Surface Area (TBSA) was 14.1 (±12.0)%. The mean length of hospital stay was 30 (±59) days. The mean time to return to school after discharge from the hospital was 8.4 (±8.7) weeks. The occurrence of burns on the trunk was significantly (p = 0.048) associated with an earlier time to return to school. Conclusion: Time to return to school from burn injury and from discharge in child and adolescent burn survivors in this study are at least three times longer than previous studies. The burn care team needs to consider school re-entry programs for these children.