Pharmaceutical Microbiology
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://repository.ibadanedu.com/handle/123456789/367
Browse
3 results
Search Results
Item Anti-measles virus activity of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzaldehyde (Vanillin) isolated from xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. rich(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Oluremi, B. B.; Osamudiamen, P. M.; Adeniji, J. A.; Aiyelaagbe, O. O.Xylopia aethiopica is a plant used ethnomedicinally for the treatment of several infections in Nigeria. This study was carried out to isolate the active compound(s) in Xylopia aethiopica and evaluate their anti-measles virus activity. The Dichloromethane (DCM) fraction of Xylopia aethiopica was fractionated using chromatographic techniques, which led to the isolation of a compound characterized using spectroscopic techniques, FT-IR, 1D and 2D NMR in addition to in vitro anti-measles evaluation in adsorption and post-infection inhibition assays. The isolated compound characterized as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxy benzaldehyde (Vanillin) was active on measles virus and has minimum nontoxic dose of 10 μg with cytotoxic and inhibitory activity of CC 50 = 84.18 μg/mL, IC 50 = 0.71 μg/mL and selectivity index (SI) = 118.56 (r 2 = 0.979) and interfered with viral attachment and fusion. This is the first report of the isolation of Vanillin from Xylopia aethiopica leaf and its high antiviral activity shows it could be developed further into a promising antiviral lead compound.Item In vitro inhibition of multi-drug resistant pseudomonas efflux pump by xylopia aethiopica (dunal) A. rich(African Research Opinion Communication (AROC), 2021-09) Oloche, J. J.; Oluremi, B. B.; Koya, T. O.Global health is under constant threat due to antimicrobial drug resistance. Bacterial Infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa are of importance because of their antibiotics resistance. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of extracts of Xylopia aethiopica (XA) on multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas isolates. Fresh samples of XA leaf, stem bark and roots were collected from the botanical garden, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Dried and pulverized samples were extracted with methanol and partitioned into n-hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate. Phytochemical screening of the extracts was performed by standard methods. Antimicrobial activity and synergistic interaction were determined using microdilution and checkerboard broth dilution methods, respectively. The results revealed that crude methanol extracts of XA leaf, stem bark and root significantly (p<0.05) inhibited the growth of all tested MDR Pseudomonas isolates at 10 mg/mL. At 1 mg/mL, the ethyl acetate fraction of the leaf, and dichloromethane fraction of the roots produced clear zones of inhibition of 12 – 20 mm, and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 1 μg/mL and 0.5 mg/mL, respectively. The modulation factor (MF) of ciprofloxacin, dichloromethane fraction of XA roots and ethyl acetate fraction of XA leaf were 4, 8, and 4 on MDR isolates E01006, OAU058 and P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, respectively. In all tested isolates, but not E01006 and E01024, the fractional MICs of ciprofloxacin/ethylacetate fraction of XA leaf extract combination was not significantly different (p>0.05) compared with ciprofloxacin/verapamil combination. In conclusion, the root and leaf fractions Xylopia aethiopica that demonstrated antimicrobial activity against MDR P. aeruginosa and synergised with ciprofloxacin have the potential to rejuvenate the antimicrobial activity of ciprofloxacin in MDR P. aeruginosa.Item Susceptibility patterns of common bacteria and fungal species isolated from sexually transmitted diseased patients to xylopia aethiopica (annonaceae)(2003-09) Oluremi, B. B.; Adeniyi, B. A.The hexane and methanolic extracts of the leaves, stem, stem bark, and root bark of Xylopia aethiopica were investigated for their anti-microbial activities against some common bacteria and fungal strains isolated from sexually transmitted diseased patients and some standard organisms. The hexane and methanol crude extracts showed varying degrees of anti-microbial activities at varying concentrations while the stem bark exhibited significant broad-spectrum anti-microbial activity. The methanolic extract of the stem bark showed better activity than hexane, was fractionated and the four fractions collected were tested for their antimicrobial activity against the organisms implicated in STD at a concentration of 10mg/ml. The results suggest that the active fractions A and B contain constituents which can be isolated, characterized and identified for effective management of both bacterial and fungal STD’s. Preliminary Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids. sugars, cardiac glycoside and saponins and the absence of anthraquinones and tannins.