Biochemistry
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://repository.ibadanedu.com/handle/123456789/497
Browse
3 results
Search Results
Item Diphenyl diselenide abrogates brain oxidative injury and neurobehavioural deficits associated with pesticide chlorpyrifos exposure in rats(Elsevier B.V., 2018) Adedara, I. A. || || || || || ||; Owoeye, O.; Awogbindin, I. O.; Ajayi, O. B.; Adeyemo, O. A.; Rocha, J. B. T.; Farombi, E. O.Exposure to pesticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) is associated with neurodevelopmental toxicity both in humans and animals. Diphenyl diselenide (DPDS) is a simple synthetic organoselenium well reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. However, there is paucity of information on the beneficial effects of DPDS on CPF-mediated brain injury and neurobehavioural deficits. The present study investigated the neuroprotective mechanism of DPDSin rats sub-chronically treated with CPF alone at 5 mg/kg body weight or orally co-treated with DPDS at 2.5 and 5 mg/kg body weight for 35 consecutive days. Endpoint analyses using video- tracking software in a novel environment revealed that co-treatment with DPDS significantly (p < 0.05) pro- tected against CPF-mediated locomotor and motor deficits precisely the decrease in maximum speed, total distance travelled, body rotation, absolute turn angle, forelimb grip strength as well as the increase in negative geotaxis and incidence of fecal pellets. The enhancement in the neurobehavioral activities of rats co-treated with DPDS was verified by track plot analyses. Besides, DPDS assuaged CPF-induced decrease in acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant enzymes activities and the increase in myeloperoxidase activity and lipid peroxidation level in the mid-brain, cerebral cortex and cerebellum of the rats. Histologically, DPDS co-treatment abrogated CPF- mediated neuronal degeneration in the cerebral cortex, dentate gyrus and cornu ammonis3 in the treated rats. In conclusion, the neuroprotective mechanisms of DPDS is related to the prevention of oxidative stress, enhance- ment of redox status and acetylcholinesterase activity in brain regions of the rats. DPDS may be a promising chemotherapeutic agent against brain injury resulting from CPF exposure.Item Suppression of the brain-pituitary-testicular axis function following acute arsenic and manganese co-exposure and withdrawal in rats(Elsevier GmbH., 2017) Adedara, I. A.; Abolaji, A. O.; Awogbindin, I. O.; Farombi, E. O.Despite the fact that most environmental exposures to metals do not occur in isolation, the combined effects of metal mixtures on brain–pituitary–gonadal axis are poorly known. The present study investigated the impacts of co-exposure to arsenic (As) and manganese (Mn) on sperm characteristics, reproductive hormones and selected oxidative stress indices in the brain, testes and epididymis of rats following exposure for 15 consecutive days to 60 mg/L of AsO₃Na and 30 mg/L of MnCl₂ in drinking water. The results showed that while brain weight remained unaffected, the fluid intake and the weights of testes and epididymis significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in all the treatment groups. A significant decrease in the body weight gain when compared with control was noted only in the co-exposed rats. Moreover, the significant decreases in the antioxidant status in brain, testes and epididymis as well as in the circulatory concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and testosterone were similar following separate or combined exposure of rats to As and Mn. The marked oxidative damage in the investigated tissues was accompanied by a significant decrease in the sperm quantity and quality in all the treated rats when compared with the control. Interestingly, most of the parameters determined immediately after the exposure period persisted in rats from the withdrawal experiment. Collectively, co-exposure to As and Mn suppressed the brain–pituitary–testicular axis function and the post-testicular events such as sperm function possibly via a mechanism involving persistent oxidative stress and endocrine disruption in the exposed rats.Item Municipal landfill Leachate-induced testicular oxidative damage is associated with biometal accumulation and endocrine disruption in rats(Springer Science+Business Media, 2015) Adedara, I. A.; Awogbindin, I. O.; Adesina, A. A.; Oyebiyi, O. O.; Lawal, T. A.; Farombi, E. O.Improper management of hazardous wastes adversely impacts the environment and the public health. The present study was aimed at investigating the influence of Olushosun municipal landfill leachate (OMLL) from Ojota in the Lagos State of Nigeria on testicular function by assessing the plasma concentrations of reproductive hormones, testicular biometal levels, and antioxidant levels as well as observing the histological alterations in testes and epididymides of rats after exposure to 0, 12.5, and 25 % OMLL in drinking water for 7 days. Exposure to OMLL significantly decreased the daily fluid intake, but it resulted in testicular biometal accumulation as follows: lead [cadmium[nickel[iron[copper. Acute exposure to OMLL induced oxidative stress and increased the activities of marker enzymes of testicular function but markedly decreased the circulatory concentrations of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin, testosterone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, triiodothyronine, and thyroxine. Testicular and epididymal degeneration with significant decrease in sperm quality and quantity were observed in OMLL-exposed rats. Collectively, the data presented herein indicate that exposure to OMLL-induced testicular dysfunction associated with biometal accumulation and endocrine disruption in rats. If the effects can be extrapolated to humans, OMLL may present significant health implications for individuals exposed to OMLL-contaminated substances.