Scholarly works in Health Promotion and Education
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.ibadanedu.com/handle/123456789/430
Browse
23 results
Search Results
Item Comparison of instructions to authors and reporting of ethics components in selected African Biomedical Journals: 2008 and 2017(SAGE Publishing., 2024) Dipeolu, I. O.; Wassenaar, D. R.Journal editors instruct authors to describe human participant protections in original research reports. However, little is known about African biomedical journal authors’ adherence to such journal editors’ instructions. This study investigated changes in editors’ instructions to authors and authors’ reporting of research ethics information in selected African biomedical journals between 2008 and 2017. Twelve selected journal websites and online articles were reviewed in Eastern, Southern, and Western African [ESWA] countries. A pre-tested schema and a checklist were used to collect data from journal websites and articles published in 2008 and 2017, and the data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Half of the journals requested prospective authors to disclose ethics approval and related issues in their manuscripts between 2008 and 2017. There was a significant increase in instructions to authors regarding information on the protection of research participants within this period; more authors complied with these requirements in 2017 than in 2007.Item Cyberbullying experiences and coping strategies in Ibadan metropolis, Ibadan, Nigeria.(European Scientific Institute (ESI)., 2023) Kehinde, A. M.; Dipeolu, I. O.Introduction/Aim: Cyberbullying of influential personalities or celebrities is a media menace. Psychological, depressional, and emotional suicidal ideation effects are some of the impacts on celebrities. A few studies have investigated celebrities' coping mechanisms against this, with the majority from developed countries. There is a dearth of information on this among celebrities in Nigeria. This study investigated the experience, effects, and coping mechanisms of cyberbullying among celebrities in the Ibadan metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria. Material and method: A descriptive cross-sectional purposive sampling method was adopted. An in-depth interview guide was used for data collection among 14 consented celebrities. Data were manually analysed thematically. Results: Most participants were 25-35 years old and were comedians. All have experienced cyberbullies, such as popularity attacks and defamation of character. The effects of cyberbullying on the victims include low self-esteem, mental stress, depression, substance abuse, and financial crisis. Jealousy, hatred, envy, and quest for popularity among the perpetrators fuelled this menace. However, some celebrities have overcome these effects through technical, preventive, corrective, social support, and spiritual approaches. Conclusion: Cyberbullying is prevalent among celebrities and many experienced psychological effects. Awareness, interventions aimed at its prevention, and adequate coping strategies are needed to solve this menace.Item Assessment of Facilities, Safety Conditions and Prevalence of Accidents In Selected Public High Schools In Ibadan, South West Nigeria.(The Society for Public Health Professionals of Nigeria (SPHPN), 2022) Okareh, O. T.; Nwaeburu, A. E.; Okoror, T. A.; Dipeolu, I. O.Background: Poor classrooms, school facilities, and environments in public high schools create a highrisk environment for students. Objectives: This study assessed the safety conditions and prevalence of school-related accidents and injuries in selected public high schools in Ibadan North Local Government Area, Ibadan, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among respondents in 36 selected high schools in Ibadan North Local Government Area. Data collection was done using 1. a pretested questionnaire for the survey among students, 2. Observational checklists for On-site Observation (OO) of school facilities and 3. Assessment of water quality (WQ). The questionnaire contains 10-point to assess respondents’ knowledge of safe conditions and accidents. Water quality was analysed using standard methods and compared with WHO standards. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics at 0.05. Results: Respondent’s age was 14.7±2.0 years. Only 7.5% and 4.8% of the respondents have good knowledge and attitude on safe conditions and accidents, respectively; 38.7% reported overcrowding(40-59 per class). All school facilities are in poor sanitary conditions, and there w1as an absence of safety programmes in the schools. Most respondents (96.2%) have had school accidents, 25.5% used a basket with a cover as a waste storage container, and 68.8% used waste burning as a disposal method. Less than half, 42%, use pit latrines for excreta disposal. Only 39.4% had access to water. Heavy metals in water detected were below the WHO standards, while E coli was not detected. Conclusion: The high occurrence of school-related accidents among students could be attributed to deplorable conditions and poor safety practices and awareness. Therefore, there is a need to improve safety education and practices in public high schools.Item Social consequences of COVID-19 on fertility preference consistency and contraceptive use among Nigerian women: insights from population-based data.(BioMed Central Ltd., 2022) Akinyemi, J. O.; Dipeolu, I. O.; Adebayo, M. A.; Gbadebo, B. M.; Ajuwon, G. A.; Olowolafe, T. A.; Adewoyin, Y.; Odimegwu, C. O.Background: Emerging evidence from high income countries showed that the COVID-19 pandemic has had negative effects on population and reproductive health behaviour. This study provides a sub-Saharan Africa perspective by documenting the social consequences of COVID-19 and its relationship to fertility preference stability and modern contraceptive use in Nigeria. Method: We analysed panel data collected by Performance Monitoring for Action in Nigeria. Baseline and Follow-up surveys were conducted before the COVID-19 outbreak (November 2019-February 2020) and during the lockdown respectively (May-July 2020). Analysis was restricted to married non-pregnant women during follow-up (n = 774). Descriptive statistics and generalized linear models were employed to explore the relationship between selected social consequences of COVID-19 and fertility preferences stability (between baseline and follow-up) as well as modern contraceptives use. Results: Reported social consequences of the pandemic lockdown include total loss of household income (31.3%), food insecurity (16.5%), and greater economic reliance on partner (43.0%). Sixty-eight women (8.8%) changed their minds about pregnancy and this was associated with age groups, higher wealth quintile (AOR = 0.38, CI: 0.15- 0.97) and household food insecurity (AOR = 2.72, CI: 1.23-5.99). Fertility preference was inconsistent among 26.1%. Women aged 30-34 years (AOR = 4.46, CI:1.29-15.39) were more likely of inconsistent fertility preference compared to 15-24 years. The likelihood was also higher among women with three children compared to those with only one child (AOR = 3.88, CI: 1.36-11.08). During follow-up survey, 59.4% reported they would feel unhappy if pregnant. This was more common among women with tertiary education (AOR = 2.99, CI: 1.41-6.33). The odds increased with parity. The prevalence of modern contraceptive use was 32.8%. Women aged 45-49 years (AOR = 0.24, CI: 0.10-0.56) were less likely to use modern contraceptives than those aged 15-24 years. In contrast, the odds of contraceptive use were significantly higher among those with three (AOR = 1.82, CI: 1.03-3.20), four (AOR = 2.45, CI: 1.36-4.39) and at least fiveItem Barriers to accessing health care services and coping strategies among people with hearing impairments in Ibadan Metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria(University of Ibadan., 2022) Mesagan, I. C.; Dipeolu, I. O.Barriers experienced by people with hearing impairment when accessing healthcare facilities have resulted in their avoidance of healthcare facilities, misdiagnosis, frustrations and lack of confidence in the health system. A cross-sectional survey design with a purposive sampling technique and snowball approach was used to select 80 respondents. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered and analysed using descriptive statistics and Fisher's exact test at á . Respondents (68.8%) were single, 0.05 63.8% were between 18 and 25 years old, and 66.3% had high school education. The commonly used method of communication among the respondents was sign language (92.5%), and most respondents (63.8%) earned no monthly income. More than half (57.5%) indicated that their health status was very good. However, 66.3% indicated they took ill in the last 12 months before the study. Common barriers on the individual/demand side include lack of finance (65.0%), inability to communicate (62.5%), and fear of misdiagnosis (55.0%). High treatment cost (75.0%), delay before seeing a doctor (68.8%), and absence of sign language interpreters (66.3%) topped the list of the institutional/supply-side barriers. Coping strategies adopted by the respondents include seeking help from other sources (73.8%) and being accompanied by family members to the facilities (67.5%). There was no significant association between the variables stated. Sensitising the deaf about the healthcare facility where they can access health services will improve deaf patients' health seeking behaviour. Training health workers on sign language and its uses will help enhance the deaf's health-seeking behaviour to access healthcare services.Item Sexual content in music videos and associated risky sexual behaviour among undergraduate students in a Nigerian university(Department of Sociology, University of Ibadan, 2021) Adebola, P. E,||; John-Akinola, Y. O.; Dipeolu, I. O.Many young people are frequently exposed to a large number of sexual contents in music videos. Constant exposure to sexual-related contents is perceived to affect their Risky Sexual Behaviour (RSB) significantly because this group is influenced by what they observe during this stage of their development. This study investigated the relationship between exposure to sexually related contents of most Nigerian Popular Music Videos (NPMVs) and associated risky sexual behaviour among undergraduates of a Nigerian university. This study was a cross-sectional survey, and a multi-stage sampling technique was adopted in selecting 430 undergraduates. Mixed methods were adopted for data collection. Significantly related to RSB were age (r = 0.130), sex (χ2= 4.965), sexual content exposure from NPMVs (r = 0.451), and perception towards increasing sexual contents in NPMVs (r = 0.321). Nigerian Popular Music Videos influenced 27% of RSB among young people while watching NPMVs (β=0.656), frequency of watching NPMVs (β=0.149), hours spent watching (β=0.525), and sexual content of NPMVs (β= 0.287) were predictors of RSB. The FGD discussants confirmed that exposure to sexual contents of NPMVs influenced risky sexual behaviour such as indecent dressing, sexually explicit speech, dance styles and casual sex. Nigerian Popular Music Videos should be leveraged for communicating healthy sexual messages, and existing health education programmes in school settings should be reviewed to promote safe sexual behaviours.Item Knowledge and perception of malaria among Hausa married men in Mokola Community of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.(Veritas, 2021) Muhammad, H.,; Oyewole, O. E.; Dipeolu, I. O.Malaria is endemic in most countries within the African continent and accounts for high morbidity and mortality in those countries. The Nigerian Government launched the National Malaria Strategic Plan 2014-2020 to address the high burden of malaria in the country. However, like the previous plans, this plan focused more on the vulnerable groups to malaria (i. e. pregnant women, children under five years old and people living with HIV/AIDS) as the target population for the interventions. Men being the heads of the family in most African societies make all health decisions for the family. Many interventions that did not involve men do not succeed because of the decision roles men play in the family. An understanding of the knowledge and perception of men regarding malaria causes prevention, and management would assist in developing interventions aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality related to the disease in the community as well as achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 3.3, which focuses on Ending the Epidemic of Malaria. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the knowledge and perception of malaria among Hausa married men in Mokola community, Ibadan.The study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey. A three-stage sampling technique was used to recruit 302 Hausa married men based in Mokola; stratified into the Hausa and Yoruba (Okesu) axis, systematic random sampling was used to select the houses and balloting was used when a house had more than one married man. A validated semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Knowledge, perception and preventive practices were measured on a 22-point, 26-point and 14-point scales, respectively. Knowledge scores of 1≤13 and scores >13 were categorized as poor and good, respectively. Perception scores of 0≤16 and scores >16 were categorized as poor and good, respectively. Preventive practice scores of 0≤8 and scores ˃8 were categorized as poor and good, respectively. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as Chi-square test at p˂0.05 level of significance. Respondents’ mean age was 36.4 years, with trading accounting for 97.7% respondents’ occupation. Respondents whose monthly income range from N30,000-N75,000 accounted for 56.0%. Monogamy was practised by 75.5% with 73.2% having less than 5 children. Most respondents (76.2%) correctly defined malaria, with 22.2% obtaining information on malaria from the electronic media. Majority (99.3%) of respondents acknowledged to buying of drugs as one of the roles men should play in the treatment of malaria in their households. Most respondents, 89.1%, had good knowledge on definition of malaria and 97.0% had a good perception towards malaria management in their families with 51.6% of respondents reporting that a family member had malaria less than a month ago. Respondents who used ITN as prevention against malaria for their families accounted for 80.8%. Overall, 78.5% of respondents practised right preventive practice against malaria. The test of association between level of education and knowledge of malaria showed that only knowledge on symptoms of malaria was associated with the respondents’ level of education (p = 0.012). Test of association between level of education and perception of malaria revealed that perception of the respondents on causes of malaria was significantly associated with their level of education (p = 0.003). The test of association between respondents’ knowledge and perception on malaria revealed that knowledge and perception were significantly associated (p < 0.001), also the test of association between knowledge and the preventive practices of respondents revealed a statistically significant association exists between knowledge level and preventive practices against malaria (p= 0.028). Majority of respondents had good knowledge and perception on malaria and only few reported practicing malaria preventive measures involving spending money for their households. Interventions such awareness through the electronic media and community mobilization on malaria preventive measures focusing on men should be carried out in other communities.Item Knowledge and perception of malaria among Hausa married men in Mokola Community of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.(Veritas, 2021) Muhammad, H.,; Oyewole, O. E.; Dipeolu, I. O.Malaria is endemic in most countries within the African continent and accounts for high morbidity and mortality in those countries. The Nigerian Government launched the National Malaria Strategic Plan 2014-2020 to address the high burden of malaria in the country. However, like the previous plans, this plan focused more on the vulnerable groups to malaria (i. e. pregnant women, children under five years old and people living with HIV/AIDS) as the target population for the interventions. Men being the heads of the family in most African societies make all health decisions for the family. Many interventions that did not involve men do not succeed because of the decision roles men play in the family. An understanding of the knowledge and perception of men regarding malaria causes prevention, and management would assist in developing interventions aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality related to the disease in the community as well as achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 3.3, which focuses on Ending the Epidemic of Malaria. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the knowledge and perception of malaria among Hausa married men in Mokola community, Ibadan.The study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey. A three-stage sampling technique was used to recruit 302 Hausa married men based in Mokola; stratified into the Hausa and Yoruba (Okesu) axis, systematic random sampling was used to select the houses and balloting was used when a house had more than one married man. A validated semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Knowledge, perception and preventive practices were measured on a 22-point, 26-point and 14-point scales, respectively. Knowledge scores of 1≤13 and scores >13 were categorized as poor and good, respectively. Perception scores of 0≤16 and scores >16 were categorized as poor and good, respectively. Preventive practice scores of 0≤8 and scores ˃8 were categorized as poor and good, respectively. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as Chi-square test at p˂0.05 level of significance. Respondents’ mean age was 36.4 years, with trading accounting for 97.7% respondents’ occupation. Respondents whose monthly income range from N30,000-N75,000 accounted for 56.0%. Monogamy was practised by 75.5% with 73.2% having less than 5 children. Most respondents (76.2%) correctly defined malaria, with 22.2% obtaining information on malaria from the electronic media. Majority (99.3%) of respondents acknowledged to buying of drugs as one of the roles men should play in the treatment of malaria in their households. Most respondents, 89.1%, had good knowledge on definition of malaria and 97.0% had a good perception towards malaria management in their families with 51.6% of respondents reporting that a family member had malaria less than a month ago. Respondents who used ITN as prevention against malaria for their families accounted for 80.8%. Overall, 78.5% of respondents practised right preventive practice against malaria. The test of association between level of education and knowledge of malaria showed that only knowledge on symptoms of malaria was associated with the respondents’ level of education (p = 0.012). Test of association between level of education and perception of malaria revealed that perception of the respondents on causes of malaria was significantly associated with their level of education (p = 0.003). The test of association between respondents’ knowledge and perception on malaria revealed that knowledge and perception were significantly associated (p < 0.001), also the test of association between knowledge and the preventive practices of respondents revealed a statistically significant association exists between knowledge level and preventive practices against malaria (p= 0.028). Majority of respondents had good knowledge and perception on malaria and only few reported practicing malaria preventive measures involving spending money for their households. Interventions such awareness through the electronic media and community mobilization on malaria preventive measures focusing on men should be carried out in other communities.Item ` Knowledge and perceptions of marital rape among women in Oyo State, Nigeria.(Ibadan Biomedical Communications Group, 2020) Ogunwale, A. O.; Dipeolu, I. O.; Olaitan, O. L.Marital rape is a serious public health problem affecting many women worldwide. In Nigeria, there is dearth of evidence-based information on issues relating to knowledge and perceptions of marital rape among women. This study was therefore designed to assess the knowledge and perceptions about marital rape among married women in Oyo State, Nigeria. The cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1200 women aged 18-60 years who were ever-married. Participants were recruited using a multi-stage random sampling technique. A validated semi-structured questionnaire which contained a-8 point knowledge of health consequences of marital rape and a-20 point marital rape perception scales was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test. Respondents’ mean age was 36.6 ± 9.6 years, while their husbands’ mean age was 42.1 ± 10.3 years. Mean knowledge score was 3.9±2.2 and 23.4% had poor knowledge of marital rape. Respondents who had poor knowledge who were aged ≤24 years, 25–49 years and ≥50 years were 31.6%, 25.3% and 9.6%, respectively (P≤0.05). Mean perception score was 8.9 ± 3.6, and 69.8% had supportive perceptions relating to marital rape. A higher proportion of respondents with marriage duration of >20 years (84.6%) had marital rape supportive perception compared with those with marriage duration of 0-10 years (64.9%) (P≤0.05). Knowledge of marital rape remains inadequate, especially among younger women. Furthermore, many women had supportive perceptions for marital rape, a situation which can adversely hinder adopting appropriate preventive behaviours. Multiple community-based health educational interventions have potentials for addressing the phenomenon.Item Ethical issues in the COVID-19 pandemic control preparedness in a developing economy(AFENET, 2020) Jegede, A.; Ajayi, I.; Akintola, S.; Falade, C.; Dipeolu, I. O.; Cadmus, S.; Ajala, A.; Olaifa, A.; Olatoye, O.; Akinyemi, O.Adequate preparation for highly pathogenic infectious disease pandemic can reduce the incidence, prevalence and burden of diseases like COVID-19 pandemic. An antidote to the spread of the disease is adequate preparation for its control since there is no proven curative measure yet. Effective management of identified cases, social distancing, contact tracing and provision of basic infrastructure to facilitate compliance with preventive measures, testing are proven management strategies. Although these measures seem to be the best options presently, it is important to pay attention to ethical issues arising from the implementation process to ensure best practice. While disease epidemic is not alien to human societies, lessons from previous outbreaks are vital for addressing future outbreaks. For effective control of this pandemic, there should be a clear definition of social distancing in terms of distance and space in line with the WHO definition, adequate provision of basic amenities, screening and testing with specific criteria for selecting those to be screened. Also, there should be a free testing procedure, access to treatment opportunities for those who test positive, ethical free contact tracing practice, respect for the autonomy of those to be tested, and global best practice of open science, open data and data sharing practices. In conclusion, a framework/guideline for epidemic/pandemic ethics guidance should be developed while an ethical sensitive communication manual should be prepared for public engagement on epidemic and pandemic.
- «
- 1 (current)
- 2
- 3
- »