Scholarly works in Pathology (Basic Med Sci)

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End date: 2019Subject: search.filters.subject.Nigeria

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    Distribution and characteristics of endometriotic lesions in South- Western Nigeria: A single institutional experience
    (Zambia Medical Association, 2019) Ajani, M. A.; Salami, A.; Nwanji, I. D.; Olusanya, A. A.; Fatunla, O. E.
    Background: Endometriosis poses a significant burden mainly to women of child bearing age. Historically, endometriosis was thought to be of low prevalence among African women. However, recent studies have documented an increased prevalence than previously thought. This study aimed to determine the distribution and characteristics of endometriotic lesions among Nigerian women . Methods: A retrospective study of all histologically diagnosed cases of endometriosis from the records of the Department of Pathology, University College Hospital, Ibadan from 1st January, 1997 to 31st October, 2018.The age of the women, location and distribution of the lesions were analysed. Results: A total of 85 cases of endometriosis were diagnosed histologically in the period under review. The mean age was 35 years with an age range of 18 to 52 years. The most commonly affected age groups were those between 30-39 years (47.1%) and 20-29 years (30.6%). The most commonly affected site was the ovary (58.8%) followed by the umbilicus (11.9%) and fallopian tubes (9.4%). Fourteen patients (28%) had bilateral ovarian involvement. Left sided ovarian lesions predominated (61.1% versus 38.9%). Eighteen (21.2%) patients had lesions at more than one site frequently involving both ovaries. Conclusion: Endometriosis affected mainly women of childbearing age with particular predilection for the ovaries. Endometriosis affecting the umbilicus is not uncommon among Nigerian women.
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    Gender differential in inclination to donate brain for research among Nigerians: the IBADAN Brain Bank Project
    (Springer Nature, 2019) Akinyemi, R.; Ojagbemi, A.; Akinyemi, J.; Salami, A.; Olopade, F.; Farombi, T.; Nweke, M.; Uvere, E.; Aridegbe, M.; Balogun, J.; Ogbole, G.; Jegede, A.; Kalaria, R.; Ogunniyi, A.; Owolabi, M.; Arulogun, O.
    Background: Laboratory-based studies of neurological disease patterns and mechanisms are sparse in sub-Saharan Africa. However, availability of human brain tissue resource depends on willingness towards brain donation. This study evaluated the level of willingness among outpatient clinic attendees in a Nigerian teaching hospital. Methods: Under the auspices of the IBADAN Brain Bank Project, a 43—itemsemi-structured interviewer—administered questionnaire was designed to evaluate knowledge, attitude, and beliefs of individuals attending Neurology, Psychiatry and Geriatrics Outpatient clinics regarding willingness to donate brain for research. Association between participants characteristics and willingness towards brain donation was investigated using logistic regression models. Analysis was conducted using Stata SE version 12.0. Results: A total of 412 participants were interviewed. Their mean age was 46.3 (16.1) years. 229 (55.6%) were females and 92.5% had at least 6 years of formal education. Overall, 109 (26.7%) were willing to donate brains for research. In analyses adjusting for educational status, religion, ethnicity, marital status and family setting, male sex showed independent association with willingness towards brain donation OR (95% CI) 1.7 (1.08–2.69), p = 0.023. Participants suggested public engagement and education through mass media (including social media) and involvement of religious and community leaders as important interventions to improve awareness and willingness towards brain donation. Conclusion: The survey revealed low willingness among outpatient clinic attendees to donate brain for research, although men were more inclined to donate. It is imperative to institute public engagement and educational interventions in order to improve consent for brain donation for research.
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    Central nervous system tumours in children in Ibadan, Nigeria: a histopathologic study
    (Pan African Medical Journal and African Field Epidemiology Network, 2016) Ogun, G. O.; Adeleye, A. O.; Babatunde, T. O.; Ogun, O. A.; Salami, A. A.; Brown, B. J.; Akang, E
    Introduction: Contrary to some earlier teachings that central nervous system (CNS) tumours are uncommon in black children, these neoplasms are the fourth most common paediatric tumours in Ibadan. Our centre is the major referral centre for CNS tumours in Nigeria. The last major study of paediatric CNS neoplasms from Ibadan was in 1985. An update of the data on paediatric CNS neoplasms at our centre is presented. Methods: A retrospective review of all histologically diagnosed CNS tumours in children (0-14 years) from January 2001 to December 2010 from the database of the Department of Pathology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria was done. The cases were classified using the 2007 WHO Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System and were also based on their supratentorial and infratentorial locations. Results: Seventy-seven tumours, 44 in males, were included in the study. Astrocytic tumour comprised 20 cases, embryonal tumours 15, ependymal tumours 15, germ cell tumours 6, sellar tumours (all craniopharyngiomas) 9 and other histological types- 12 cases. Thirty-seven were WHO Grade 1, eleven Grade 2, ten Grade 3 and nineteen Grade 4 neoplasms. Thirty-six cases were supratentorial and thirty-eight were infratentorial in location. The most common tumours in this series were pilocytic astrocytomas, medulloblastomas, craniopharyngiomas and ependymomas in that order. Conclusion: Childhood CNS tumours are being increasingly diagnosed in our centre. This is largely explained by the recent expansion of the available neurosurgical services
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    Childhood ovarian neoplasms in Ibadan,South‑western Nigeria
    (Wolters Kluwer – Medknow, 2016) Ajani, M. A.; Aramide, K. O.; Ajani, T. A.; Salami, A. A.; Okolo, C. A.
    Background: Childhood ovarian neoplasms are very rare. Little information is available on the relative pattern and frequency of these tumors in Nigerian children. Earlier study done in Ibadan involved ovarian neoplasms in children and adolescents. The aim of this study is to review cases of ovarian neoplasms in children <15 years over a 22½ year period. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study. Twenty‑four cases of childhood ovarian neoplasms were seen in patients <15 years of age. These cases were classified using the current World Health Organization histological classification of ovarian tumors. Results: Childhood ovarian neoplasms accounted for 2.8% of all cases of ovarian tumors seen in this period. Fourteen (58.3%) cases of childhood ovarian neoplasms were benign, and 10 (41.7%) were malignant. Mature cystic teratoma occurring in 13 (54.2%) was the most common childhood ovarian neoplasm and was most prevalent between 10 and 14 years of age. Burkitt lymphoma was the most common 4 (40%) malignant childhood ovarian tumor and prevalent between 5 and 14 years of age. Conclusion: Mature cystic teratoma remains the single most common childhood ovarian neoplasm, and Burkitt’s lymphoma is the most malignant childhood ovarian tumor in Ibadan, South‑western Nigeria.
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    Sexual risk nehaviour of street Youth in South West Nigeria
    (East African Public Health Association, 2009) Owoaje, E.T.; Uchendu, O. C.
    Objectives Previous studies have mainly focused on sexual behaviour of in-school Nigerian youths with little attention to those on the street. This survey was conducted to determine the sexual risk behaviours of young people on the streets of Ibadan, Nigeria. Methodology A cross sectional survey was conducted among youths aged 15-24 years in the major markets, motor parks and commercial areas in two local government areas in Ibadan. Participants in the study areas were identified in groups based on their occupational activity and all consenting young people were interviewed. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on sexual behaviours, condom use and history of sexually transmitted infections. Data was managed using SPSS version 11. Results Most (68.8%) were males, 79.0%, were sexually experienced, the median age at sexual debut for males was 15 years and 16 years for females. More females (53.9%) compared to (34.5%) males reported that their first partners were five or more years older, p<0.01. Condom use during the first sexual intercourse was reported by only 32.2%. Sex with a commercial sex worker or exchange of sex for money was reported by 18.2% (20.6% of males versus 12.2% of females, p=0.01). Factors significantly associated with history of transactional sex were; male gender; older age (20-24 years); being out of school and regular alcohol use. Multiple sexual partnering was reported by 58.2%, the significant predictors were male gender; early age at sexual debut; regular alcohol use and history of transactional sex. Inconsistent condom use was reported by 44.8%, the predictors were female gender; regular alcohol use and history of transactional sex in the previous year. Conclusion Majority of these young people on the streets are sexually active and many engage in high risk sexual behaviours. Development of appropriate sexual and reproductive health interventions is recommended.
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    Distribution and characteristics of endometriotic lesions in South- Western Nigeria: A single institutional experience
    (African Journals OnLine, 2019) Ajani, M. A.; Salami, A.; Nwanji, I. D.; Olusanya, A. A.; Fatunla, O. E.
    Background: Endometriosis poses a significant burden mainly to women of child bearing age. Historically, endometriosis was thought to be of low prevalence among African women. However, recent studies have documented an increased prevalence than previously thought. This study aimed to determine the distribution and characteristics of endometriotic lesions among Nigerian women. Methods: A retrospective study of all histologically diagnosed cases of endometriosis from the records of the Department of Pathology, University College Hospital, Ibadan from 1st January, 1997 to 31st October, 2018.The age of the women, location and distribution of the lesions were analysed. Results: A total of 85 cases of endometriosis were diagnosed histologically in the period under review. The mean age was 35 years with an age range of 18 to 52 years. The most commonly affected age groups were those between 30-39 years (47.1%) and 20-29 years (30.6%). The most commonly affected site was the ovary (58.8%) followed by the umbilicus (11.9%) and fallopian tubes (9.4%). Fourteen patients (28%) had bilateral ovarian involvement. Left sided ovarian lesions predominated (61.1% versus 38.9%). Eighteen (21.2%) patients had lesions at more than one site frequently involving both ovaries. Conclusion: Endometriosis affected mainly women of childbearing age with particular predilection for the ovaries. Endometriosis affecting the umbilicus is not uncommon among Nigerian women.
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    Ten-year review of peripheral lymphadenopathy in tertiary hospital in South Western Nigeria
    (African Field Epidemiology Network, 2016) Aramide, K.; Ajani, M. A.; Oluwasola, O.
    Peripheral lymphadenopathy is a common clinical presentation in Nigeria, and there have been many studies published on it from different parts of the country. This study is to provide an update on the clinicopathological pattern of lymphadenopathy in Ibadan. Methods: Lymph node biopsies received at the Department of Pathology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria from January st 2003 to December 31st 2012 were reviewed. Special stains and immunohistochemistry were also applied. Results: 429 cases,251 females and 178 in males were studied. Modal age group was in the sixth decade. The mean age of females (41.4 years) was significantly greater than that of males (34.5 years), p=0.000. Commonest sites were axillary (31.5%) and neck groups (24%), with axillary nodes more often involved in females and neck group of nodes more often involved in males. Metastatic cancer and reactive hyperplasia were the commonest diseases. Males more frequently had non-specific hyperplasia (34.3%) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (23.6%), while females more often had metastasis (45.4%) and non specific hyperplasia (19.1%). Patients with metastatic cancer had the highest mean age of 46.5 years, followed by those with malignant lymphomas and reactive hyperplasia. Conclusion: Primary and metastatic malignancies are common causes of lymphadenopathy in this environment. The use of selective immunohistochemical antibody panels is advocated for proper diagnosis of malignant lesions of the lymph node.
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    Childhood ovarian neoplasms in Ibadan, South‑western Nigeria.
    (Wolters Kluwer - Medknow, 2016) Ajani, M. A.; Aramide, K. O.; Ajani, T. A.; Salami, A. A.; Okolo, C. A.
    Childhood ovarian neoplasms are very rare. Little information is available on the relative pattern and frequency of these tumors in Nigerian children. Earlier study done in Ibadan involved ovarian neoplasms in children and adolescents. The aim of this study is to review cases of ovarian neoplasms in childrenMaterials and Methods: This was a retrospective study. Twenty four cases of childhood ovarian neoplasms were seen in patientsResults: Childhood ovarian neoplasms accounted for 2.8% of all cases of ovarian tumors seen in this period. Fourteen (58.3%) cases of childhood ovarian neoplasms were benign, and 10 (41.7%) were malignant. Mature cystic teratoma occurring in 13 (54.2%) was the most common childhood ovarian neoplasm and was most prevalent between 10 and 14 years of age. Burkitt lymphoma was the most common 4 (40%) malignant childhood ovarian tumor and prevalent between 5 and 14 years of age. Conclusion: Mature cystic teratoma remains the single most common childhood ovarian neoplasms, and Burkitt’s lymphoma is the most malignant childhood ovarian tumor in Ibadan, South western Nigeria.