Veterinary Medicine
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Item Effect of organic fertilization on pond productivity and water quality of fish ponds at Aluu, Nigeria(Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, 1991) Onuoha G.C.; Chinda, A.; Oladosu, G. A.; Ayinla, O. A.The results of an investigation showed that the gross productivity of the integrated ponds gave higher values of 90.00 to 387.50 mgC/m3/hr than the non-integrated system with values ranging from 51.25 to 108.13 mg/m3/hr-1. There were significant differences (P 0.05, SP 0.01) between the integrated and non-integrated system with feeding in terms of primary productivity and chlorophill a phytoplankton density ranged from 10 to 2,000 cells/ml in the integrated treatment much higher than in the non-integrated system. The final individual weight, individual weight gain and recovery rate were best for Clarias gariepinus under Treatment I. Also, C. gariepinus yield in Treatment I was 47.7% of that in Treatment I, while yield between Treatment III was 15.6% and 32.7% of those of Treatments I and II respectively. There was no statistical difference (F≥ 0.010 and F≥0.05) in the mean growth rate and average yield of both fish species in all the treatments. However, there was significant difference in the mean daily growth rate between Treatments I and III only; in the mean yield between Treatments I and II, I and III and II and III respectively. The fish biomass harvested suggested a close relationship between phytoplankton bloom or natural productivity and fish growth. The physicochemical properties suggested that the water quality of the integrated pond system was adequate for greater natural production. Result showed that for most of the time, blooms of phytoplankton kept the water conditions close to that necessary for optimal growth.Item Performance of Clarias gariepinus in a polyculture with Oreochromis niloticus under the integrated broiler chicken/fish farming(Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, 1990) Oladosu G.A.; Ayinla, O. A.; Onuoha, G. C.; Needom, J. GA study of the performance of Clarias gariepinus (African Mudfish) in a polyculture with Oreochromis niloticus (Tilapia), integrated with broiler chicken production. was carried at the African Regional Aquaculture Centre, Nigeria. Three experimental treatments were utilized. Treatment I was a poly culture of C. gariepinus and O. niloticus integrated with broiler chicken production, with application of supple- mental feed to fish. Treatment II was a repeat of treatment I, except that no supple- mental feed was applied to fish, while treatment III was a polyculture of the two fish species per se with application of supplemental feed to fish. Results showed that the final individual weight, individual weight gain and recovery rate were best for C. gariepinus, under treatment I. Moreover, C. gariepinus yield in treatment II was 47.7% of that of treatment I, while yield in treatment III was 15.6% and 32.7% of those of treatments I and II respectively. Furthermore, the comparisons of the daily growth rate for each of the fish species under different treatments, were made. Statistical analysis showed that there is no difference (F7/0.10 and F7 0.05) in the mean growth rate and average yield of both fish species, in all the treatments. A further comparison of these parameters (mean daily growth rate and average yield) showed that there was significant difference in the mean daily growth rate between treatments I and III only, and in the mean yield between treatment I and II, I and !!! and II and III. Furthermore, the possible effect of some physicochemical parameters of the pond water, on the growth and survivability of the stocked fish species were discussed.Item Influence of salinity on the development stages of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)(JASEM, 1999) Oladosu G. A.; Busari, A. N.; Uka, A.; Oladosu, A. O. O.; Ayinla, O. A.Salinity tolerance was tested in fertilized eggs, yolksad larvae, post yolksac larvae and fingerlings of Clarias gariepimus at 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 12.5 and 15ppt salinity. The highest hatchability was observed in fertilized eggs incubated in 2.5ppt, which recorded 71.8%. This was however not significantly higher than the 66.29% and 65.89% hatchability, recorded for the control group (Oppt) and 5ppt respectively. The median lethal salinity values in 96 hours (MLS-96) obtained for the yollac larvae, post yolksac larvae and fingering stages are; 1.9, 2.2 and 7.8 respectively, demonstrated an ontogenetic variation in salinity tolerance of C. gariepimus. However, salinity tolerance of the fertilized eggs, larvae and fingerlings of C. garlepimus is observed to be generally low, and typically of fresh water stennohaline species. This relatively low salinity tolerance of C. gariepinus has probably prevented its existence in brackish waters. None of these stages are suitable for the transfer of C. gariepimus to brackish water environment for the purpose of commercial fish farming. However, results obtained in this study, could be a guide for the use of salt in the prophylactic and therapeutic control of pathogens sensitive to salt. The salinity tolerance of C. gariepimus is dependent on the developmental stage of the fishItem "Growth and survival of fry of African catfish species, Clarias gariepinus Burchell, Heterobranchus bidorsalis Geoffery and Heteroclarias nursed on Moina dubia in comparison with other first feed sources"(Elsevier Science B.V., 1994) Adeyemo A. A.; Oladosu, G. A.; Ayinla, O. A.Laboratory-cultured 41 Moina dubia, mixed zooplankton (harvested from earthen pond), Artemia nauplii and a commercial dry diet (54.2% crude protein) were tested as first feed for the fry of se- lected African cattish species. A concentrate volume of the live food sources were fed daily while the commercial diet was fed ad libitum. The cattish species used were Heterobranchus bidorsatis, Clark gariepinus and “Heteroclarias” (hybrid of H. bidorsalis male and C. gariepinus female). After a 7-day fry nursing period, better growth and survival rates were observed for fry fed cultured M. dubia than for fry fed the other three diets. Significantly higher weight gain was observed in the groups fed cultured M. dubia. Percent mortality was similar for fry fed the live food diets and some- what higher for those fed the commercial diet.Item Isolation and pathogenicity of Bacillus sp. associated with a septicaemic condition in some tropical freshwater fish species(Verlag Paul Parey, Hamburg und Berlin, 1994) Oladosu G. A.; Ayinla, O. A.; Ajiboye, M. O.Observations made over a three-year period at the Fish Diseases Laboratory of the African Regional Aquaculture Centre (ARAC), Nigeria, revealed the gradual emergence of a new, highly infectious septicaemic condition in some widely cultivated freshwater fish species. The broad host range included: Heterobanchus bidorsalis, Clarias gariepinus, “Heteroclarias” (a hybrid of these two species, male and female respectively), Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus, and Cyprinus carpio. Clinical signs and pathological lesions associated with the condition were typical, irrespective of the fish species affected; natural out- breaks ap eared to be associated with stress &e to environmental factors. The bacterium isolated from moribuncf and freshly-dead fishes was identified as a Bacillus sp., based on the observed cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics. Fish reinfection trials confirmed that the isolate was the causative agent of the condition. Antibiotic sensitivity tests showed that the organism was sensitive to tetracycline hydrochloride.Item Pollution and health hazards of integrated livestock-cum-fish farming system in Nigeria(CIFA, 1994) Ayinla, O. A.; Oladosu, G. A.; Ajiboye, M. O.; Ansa, E. J.Adverse environmental conditions induced by beavy loading of fish ponds with livestock manure constitute serious. pollution and health hazards. Losses in form of fish mortalities, poor growth performance and outbreak of pathogenic diseases of fish and man have been observed. The extension of well documented information on the practise of integrated livestock-cum-fish-farming will go a long way in solving these problems.