Veterinary Medicine
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Item Antibiograms of Bacteria Isolated from Diseased Lungs of Cattle Slaughtered at Abattoir, Ibadan, Nigeria(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 2022) Uchechukwu, C. O.; Amosun, E. A.; Jeremiah, O. T.This study was undertaken to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of bacterial pathogens isolated from diseased lungs of cattle. Forty-two bacterial isolates obtained from diseased lung tissue samples of cattle slaughtered at Bodija abattoir were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility patterns using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas species, Proteus mirabilis, Pasteurella lymphangitidis, Pasteurella multocida, Pasteurella ureae, Pasteurella pneumotropica, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Morganella morganii and Mannheimia haemolytica. Selection of antibacterials was on the basis of the Gram reaction of the isolates and each was tested for 10 different antibacterials. A high proportion of the Gram-negative isolates showed sensitivity to ciprofloxacin (75.0 %) and ofloxacin (66.7 %) while a moderate proportion (54.2 %) was sensitive to perfloxacin. A low proportion of the Gram-negative isolates showed sensitivity to amoxicillin/clavulanate (20.0 %), tetracycline (20.8%), amoxicillin (20.8%), trimethoprim (12.5%), sulfamethoxazole (12.5%) and gentamycin (4.2%) while resistance was demonstrated against nitrofurantoin and ceftriaxone. All the isolates of Streptococcus pneumonia were sensitive to cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, streptomycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, perfloxacin and chloramphenicol, with very low proportion being sensitive to ampicillin and amoxicillin. Most of the isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were resistant to all the drugs tested. The results of the study showed that the isolates were resistant mostly to the common and relatively cheaper drugs; an important economic impact to the chemotherapeutic management of respiratory disease in cattle.Item Clinico-haematological features of dermatophilosis in indigenous breeds of cattle in Ibadan, Nigeria(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 2018) Olaogun, S. C.; Jeremiah, O. T.This study evaluated the clinical-hematological profiles in bovine dermatophilosis. A total of 50 dermatophilosis infected cattle were studied clinically and 50 blood samples taken from two different locations of Akinyele cattle market and Bodija Abattoir Ibadan. Hematological parameters such as PCV, Hb, RBC,WBC,Platelets, MCV, MCH, MCHC, Lymphocyte and Neutrophils were evaluated using standard procedures .The level of severity was classified based on the extent of the surface lesions and the chronicity as observed on the animals vis a viz body condition scoring system, hematological parameters under different breeds, sexes, ages and severity of disease condition were subjected to a one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with no level of significance established at p < 0.05. White Fulani was the breed with the highest cases of dematophilosis (66%), females (86%) were more infected than males. Cattle within age bracket of 2-2½ years (38%) showed clinical signs of dermatophilosis more than other age groups. Sokoto Gudali breed had the highest values for most hematological parameters, while Kuri breed had the least values for most of the hematological parameters. Females showed better values than males. Age range 3-3½ years had most of the highest values. Mild infestation showed the highest values. Therefore, this study has been able to revealed variation to dermatophilosis susceptibility, Kuri breed, adult cattle and bulls appeared to be more resistance. The hematology in generalized dermatophilosis have been elucidated by this present study and have been found to vary with age, sex, severity of infection and breed of cattle.Item A Retrospective Study of Ruminant Cases Presented Between 1996 and 2005 at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University Of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria(Integrity Research Journals, 2016) Abiola, O. J.; Olaogun, S. C.; Emedoh, O. M.; Jeremiah, O. T.Retrospective study of ruminant cases (cattle, sheep and goats) presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Ibadan, Ibadan between a period of ten years (January1996 to December 2005) was conducted to determine the most prevalent diseases using clinical case file records. Within the period of study, a total of 601 cases were handled out of which 394 (65.56%) occurred in goats, 171(28.45 %) sheep and 36(5.99%) cattle. The most prevalent infections in the three species were ectoparasitism (31.11%), endoparasitism (16.97%) and reproductive cases (13.31%). Among caprine species, endoparasitism was 27.16%, while ectoparasitism and reproductive conditions had 20.96% and 13.96% respectively. As for ovine species endoparasitism was 38.01% while ectoparasitism 9.94% and reproductive conditions had 9.94. But among bovine species, endoparasitism was 41.67%, reproductive conditions had 22.22% and bacterial diseases had 16.67%. The high prevalence of these conditions may be due to poor management practices, improper health/veterinary care, stress on pregnant animals, and neglect of prophylactic measures for disease prevention. There is therefore need for awareness and education of livestock farmers/owners on effective prevention and control measures through livestock extension services and proper management system that restrict animals from roaming freely thereby preventing injuries caused by trauma.