Veterinary Medicine
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Item Clinico- haematological and biochemical features of natural Babesiosis in Nigerian breeds of Cattle(Animal Health and Production in Africa, 2018) Olaogun, S. C.; Adedeji, P. A.This study evaluated the haematological and biochemical changes associated with bovine Babesiosis. A total of 50 samples confirmed positive for Babesia spp from305 sera collected from clinically suspected cases of Babesiosis within a period of 9 months from some cattle farms in Oyo state, southwest Nigeria. Breeds were established by their morphological features, Age was estimated using rostral dentition and sexes morphologically determined. Haematological and Biochemical analysis were established by adopting standard procedures and the use of specific kits respectively. Results showed 32 (64%) was White Fulani breed, 8 (16%) was Sokoto Gudali breed, 8 (16%) was Red Bororo breed and 2 (4%) was Kuri breed. Female with 43 (86%), while the male had 7 (14%) susceptibility. Older cattle (≥4yrs) with 27 (54%) susceptibility, (3-3½yrs) with 17 (34%) susceptibility, while (2-2½yrs) had the least susceptibility of 6 (12%). Hematological analysis revealed best parameters in White Fulani breed with Mean ± SD of PCV 28.6 ±8.76, HB 9.3±2.98, RBC 7.5±2.44, while the least values were seen in Sokoto gudali breed with then following parameters; PCV 24.6±6.89, HB 8.1±2.29, RBC7.8±1.59. Biochemical analysis revealed White Fulani with the best values as follows; Total protein 5.5±1.87, Albumin 1.3±0.20, Globulin 4.2±1.73, Glucose 58.1±18.0, AST 60.3±15.68, ALT 50.7±14.80. For age group, the best parameters were observed in (3-3½yrs) group with the following; PCV 29.2±7.76, HB 9.4±2.72, RBC 7.6±2.52, Total protein 5.5±2.11, Glucose 56.9±20.31, AST 61.1±17.15 compared to age group 2-2½yrs with the following values; PCV 26.6±9.81, HB 8.3±3.28, RBC 7.1±2.27, Total protein 4.5±1.64, Glucose 49.3±20.85, AST 54±11.01. No significance difference in their indices except in blood urea nitrogen value which was significant among the breeds sampled. This investigation reveals variation in the susceptibility to natural Babesiosis among Nigerian cattle breeds, ages and sexes with generalise anaemia, lymphocytopaenia, neutrophilia, hypoproteineimia, hypoalbuminaemia and extremely low blood urea nitrogen.Item Antibiograms of Bacteria Isolated from Diseased Lungs of Cattle Slaughtered at Abattoir, Ibadan, Nigeria(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 2022) Uchechukwu, C. O.; Amosun, E. A.; Jeremiah, O. T.This study was undertaken to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of bacterial pathogens isolated from diseased lungs of cattle. Forty-two bacterial isolates obtained from diseased lung tissue samples of cattle slaughtered at Bodija abattoir were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility patterns using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas species, Proteus mirabilis, Pasteurella lymphangitidis, Pasteurella multocida, Pasteurella ureae, Pasteurella pneumotropica, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Morganella morganii and Mannheimia haemolytica. Selection of antibacterials was on the basis of the Gram reaction of the isolates and each was tested for 10 different antibacterials. A high proportion of the Gram-negative isolates showed sensitivity to ciprofloxacin (75.0 %) and ofloxacin (66.7 %) while a moderate proportion (54.2 %) was sensitive to perfloxacin. A low proportion of the Gram-negative isolates showed sensitivity to amoxicillin/clavulanate (20.0 %), tetracycline (20.8%), amoxicillin (20.8%), trimethoprim (12.5%), sulfamethoxazole (12.5%) and gentamycin (4.2%) while resistance was demonstrated against nitrofurantoin and ceftriaxone. All the isolates of Streptococcus pneumonia were sensitive to cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, streptomycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, perfloxacin and chloramphenicol, with very low proportion being sensitive to ampicillin and amoxicillin. Most of the isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were resistant to all the drugs tested. The results of the study showed that the isolates were resistant mostly to the common and relatively cheaper drugs; an important economic impact to the chemotherapeutic management of respiratory disease in cattle.Item Clinico-haematological features of dermatophilosis in indigenous breeds of cattle in Ibadan, Nigeria(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 2018) Olaogun, S. C.; Jeremiah, O. T.This study evaluated the clinical-hematological profiles in bovine dermatophilosis. A total of 50 dermatophilosis infected cattle were studied clinically and 50 blood samples taken from two different locations of Akinyele cattle market and Bodija Abattoir Ibadan. Hematological parameters such as PCV, Hb, RBC,WBC,Platelets, MCV, MCH, MCHC, Lymphocyte and Neutrophils were evaluated using standard procedures .The level of severity was classified based on the extent of the surface lesions and the chronicity as observed on the animals vis a viz body condition scoring system, hematological parameters under different breeds, sexes, ages and severity of disease condition were subjected to a one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with no level of significance established at p < 0.05. White Fulani was the breed with the highest cases of dematophilosis (66%), females (86%) were more infected than males. Cattle within age bracket of 2-2½ years (38%) showed clinical signs of dermatophilosis more than other age groups. Sokoto Gudali breed had the highest values for most hematological parameters, while Kuri breed had the least values for most of the hematological parameters. Females showed better values than males. Age range 3-3½ years had most of the highest values. Mild infestation showed the highest values. Therefore, this study has been able to revealed variation to dermatophilosis susceptibility, Kuri breed, adult cattle and bulls appeared to be more resistance. The hematology in generalized dermatophilosis have been elucidated by this present study and have been found to vary with age, sex, severity of infection and breed of cattle.Item Incidence and biochemical parameters of dermatophilosis in Nigerian cattle breed from livestock markets, Oyo state, Nigeria(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Libya, 2018) Olaogun, S. C.; Onwuzuruike, K. J.Dermatophilosis is one of the major economically important diseases of cattle in Nigeria. Managing the condition has been very challenging and re-occurrence has been reported with moderate to high morbidity and mortality. The incidence and biochemical features of cattle with dermatophilosis was conducted in June to December 2016 across the four geopolitical zones of Oyo state, Nigeria. Clinical diagnosis were made based on appearance of dermatophilosis lesion, breeds morphologically characterized, ageing were based on rostral dentition and severity based on the extent and nature of the lesion. Biochemical analysis was based on standard procedure as prescribed by Fortress International. Fifty cattle were found to be infected with clinical dermatophilosis during the period of the study. Twenty four (48%) in Ibadan zone, 14 (28%) in Oyo/Ogbomosho, 8 (16%) in Oke-ogun and 4 (8%) in Ibarapa zone. Breeds distribution across the zones showed 28 (56%) White Fulani, 5 (10%) Sokoto Gudali, 3 (6%) Adamawa Gudali, 7 (14%) Red Bororo, 5 (10%) Cross breeds while the Kuri was 2 (4%). Regarding animal ages, less than 2 years old were 2 animals (4%) while the adults were 48 animals (96%) and they fall under the categories of 2-2½ years of age, 3-3½ years of age and those which are over 3½ years of age. The different levels of severity were categorized into mild (20 (40%)), moderate (23 (46%)) and severe (7 (14%)) .The best parameters were seen in White Fulani, while the least were seen in Adamawa Gudali. The age group in the category of 3 - 3½ years had most of the best serum values while the least values were seen in animals less than 2 years of age. Cattle exhibiting mild lesions had most of the best serum values and the least values were observed in cattle with severe lesions. No significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed in the mean values for the various parameters studied among the breeds, age, and severity of condition.Item A Retrospective Study of Ruminant Cases Presented Between 1996 and 2005 at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University Of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria(Integrity Research Journals, 2016) Abiola, O. J.; Olaogun, S. C.; Emedoh, O. M.; Jeremiah, O. T.Retrospective study of ruminant cases (cattle, sheep and goats) presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Ibadan, Ibadan between a period of ten years (January1996 to December 2005) was conducted to determine the most prevalent diseases using clinical case file records. Within the period of study, a total of 601 cases were handled out of which 394 (65.56%) occurred in goats, 171(28.45 %) sheep and 36(5.99%) cattle. The most prevalent infections in the three species were ectoparasitism (31.11%), endoparasitism (16.97%) and reproductive cases (13.31%). Among caprine species, endoparasitism was 27.16%, while ectoparasitism and reproductive conditions had 20.96% and 13.96% respectively. As for ovine species endoparasitism was 38.01% while ectoparasitism 9.94% and reproductive conditions had 9.94. But among bovine species, endoparasitism was 41.67%, reproductive conditions had 22.22% and bacterial diseases had 16.67%. The high prevalence of these conditions may be due to poor management practices, improper health/veterinary care, stress on pregnant animals, and neglect of prophylactic measures for disease prevention. There is therefore need for awareness and education of livestock farmers/owners on effective prevention and control measures through livestock extension services and proper management system that restrict animals from roaming freely thereby preventing injuries caused by trauma.