Wildlife and Ecotourism Management

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    Knowledge and perception of the Nigeria wildlife conservation laws among hunters in Lagelu and Egbeda local government areas, Oyo state, Nigeria
    (Forestry, Wildlife and Range Management Programme, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, 2021) Coker, O. M.; Ajayi, O. O.; Adebayo, A. P.
    This study assessed the knowledge and perception of wildlife conservation laws among hunters in Egbeda and Lagelu Local Government Areas of Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria. The result shows that all the hunters (100%) were male, with a mean age of 50.1±13.8 years. The art of hunting was learnt by majority (84.5%) of the hunters as a form of apprenticeship from an experienced hunter or from the hunter’s father. Hunting was done on a daily basis primarily for household consumption of bushmeat, and secondarily for income generating purpose. While, majority (58.5%) claimed to have heard of wildlife conservation laws, they do not understand the meaning and significance of the laws. None of the hunters could state the number of wildlife laws that exist in Nigeria but noted that the laws hold in protected areas. On the other hand, most of the respondents (66.3%) noted that there are traditional laws (taboos) that enable wildlife conservation, especially as regards pregnant, nursing and young animals. Conclusively, hunters in the study area, despite having heard of wildlife conservation laws had a low understanding of the significance and scope of the laws. There is, therefore, a need for vigorous awareness campaign among the hunters for effective wildlife conservation.
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    Impacts of hunting pressure on wildlife conservation in Nigeria
    (Forestry Association of Nigeria, 2018) Coker, O. M.; Akinduro, O. S.
    Hunting is a craft that is as old as mankind itself and it is one of the oldest ways for humans to use natural resources. Wildlife hunting is done in Nigeria for human consumption, medicinal purposes, ornamental use of body parts and commerce. The unsustainability of this practice has accelerated due to growing human population and thus represents a significant threat to wildlife populations. This review therefore highlights the current drivers of hunting pressure in Nigeria, assesses the impact of hunting pressure on effective wildlife conservation in Nigeria and suggests an alternative to unsustainable wildlife hunting in Nigeria. The growing human population, poverty, demand and weak penal System are recognized as the major drivers of hunting pressure on wildlife in Nigeria. The major impact of hunting pressure is the decline in the population trends of hunted wild animal species which continue to worsen over time with only a small percentage of these species considered stable or increasing. Habitat degradation, ecosystem alteration, extinction of rare species, as well as threat to sustainable ecotourism are also impacts of wildlife hunting in Nigeria. However, viable alternatives to unsustainable hunting include wildlife farming and domestication of wildlife species. This reduces the pressure and dependence on wild animal populations. Unsustainable hunting constitutes a great threat to wildlife conservation, ecotourism and environmental sustainability. In order to save wild species from further jeopardy, and for the promotion of conservation, there should be perpetual environmental protection, change in public behavior towards biodiversity, poverty eradication, establishment of more protected areas, among others.