FACULTY OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES

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Author: search.filters.author.Ogunbiyi, J. O.Subject: search.filters.subject.Immunohistochemistry

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    Immunohistochemical human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (her2) expression pattern in gastric adenocarcinomas in a Nigerian tertiary hospital
    (West African College of Physicians and the West African College of Surgeons, 2024) Mashor, M. I.; Ezenkwa, U. S.; Ogun, G. O.; Ajani, M. A.; Ogunbiyi, J. O.
    BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The demonstration of HER2 in gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) tissues by immunohistochemistry assists in deciding whether targeted therapy would optimise the treatment of GA patients who are HER2 positive. However, this has not been extensively studied in our patients hence the need for this study. METHODS: Recipient tissue microarray blocks were constructed from donor archival formalin fixed paraffin embedded gastric tumour tissue from 80 patients seen over a period of 17 years in a retrospective descriptive study. Slides cut from these blocks were stained with anti human HER2 antibody by immunohistochemistry and scored using the trastuzumab in gastric adenocarcinomas (ToGA) trial criteria. Data on age, gender, site of lesion and histological subtype of the gastric adenocarcinomas were also retrieved and reviewed. RESULTS: Eighty cases (52 males and 28 females; male to female ratio of 1.9:1), 55.65 ±13.50 years (modal age group 60-69 years), were studied. Most tumours (91.2%) involved the distal parts (pylorus, antrum and body) with a few (8.8%) involving the proximal part (cardia and fundus) of the stomach. HER2 was overexpressed in a total of 6 (7.5%) cases only. Two of seven (28.6%) proximal tumours showed HER2 positivity whereas only 4 of 73 (5.5%) of the distal tumours showed HER2 positivity. CONCLUSION: We had only a slightly lower HER2 overexpression rate than in studies from many other parts of the world. The observed overexpression was significantly higher in proximal than distally located tumours suggesting that distal tumours are less likely to respond to Trastuzumab than proximal tumours. The known association of distal gastric tumours with Helicobacter pylori infection probably provides for a possible difference in the molecular aetiopathogenesis of GAs by site of occurrence. The exact mechanisms for proximal gastric carcinogenesis remain to be more clearly elucidated. More studies, including clinical trials with larger sample sizes, are recommended to elucidate this differential expression of HER2 in gastric adenocarcinoma.
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    One year of breast cancer in Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria: a histopathological review
    (African Journal of Open Libraries, 2021) Jimoh, M. A.; Ajani, M. A.; Folorunso, S. A.; Fatunla, E. O.; Aruah, C. S.; Abdus-Salam, A. A.; Ogunbiyi, J. O.
    Background: Breast cancer is a major public health problem in most low- to medium-income countries of the world because of its high morbidity and mortality rate. Histopathological features are vital in risk assessment, selection of treatment and prognostication in breast cancer patients. This study aimed to assess the histopathological features of all breast cancer cases seen in a tertiary hospital in the year 2018. Methods: This is a retrospective review of all breast cancer cases histologically diagnosed and confirmed by three Pathologists at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan over a one-year period from 1st January 2018 to 31st December, 2018. Results: A total of 236 breast cancer cases were seen during this period, 234 (99.2%) were females while only 2 (0.8%) were male. 163 (69.7%) patients were between the fourth and sixth decades of life, 65 (27.8%) patients were above sixth decade while 6 (2.5%) patients were below fourth decade. Invasive ductal carcinoma of No Special Type (NST) was the commonest histological subtype 212 (89.8%). Grade 1 cases were 25 (10.6%), Grade 2 129 (54.7%) and Grade 3 cases were 40 (16.9%) while 42 (17.8%) were not graded. Lymphovascular invasion observed in 98 (41.5%) of the cases. 54 (22.9%) had immunohistochemistry out of which 23 (43.4%) were triple negative while 8 (3.4%) were triple positive. Conclusion: Histopathological features suggesting aggressive disease was predominantly observed. Efforts should be made towards early diagnosis, adequate evaluation and prompt treatment. Cancer care should be fully incorporated in the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS).