FACULTY OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES
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Item Pattern of triple negative epithelial ovarian cancer in indigenous African women [version 1; referees: 2 approved(F1000 Research Ltd, 2016) Ajani, M. A.; Salami, A. A.; Awolude, O. A.; Oluwasola, A. O.Background: Triple negative epithelial ovarian cancer (TNEOC) refers to ovarian carcinomas that do not express estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-type 2 (HER-2/neu). The aim of this study is to determine the pattern of triple negative epithelial ovarian cancer in indigenous African women. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of ER, PR, and HER-2/neu expression in 90 Nigerian patients with histologically diagnosed epithelial ovarian cancer. Lack of expression of ER, PR, and HER-2/neu antigens was used to determine carcinomas that are among the TNEOC. We also compared the clinicopathological parameters (age, International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, grade, and histological subtype) in patients with TNEOC and non-TNEOC. Results: Thirty-eight (42.2%) of the 90 tumours diagnosed as EOC were negative for ER, PR, and HER-2/neu expression. There was no significant association between TNEOC with other parameters such as age, FIGO stage, and histological grade. Sixteen (66.7%) of the 24 mucinous carcinomas were triple negative, while only 21 (33.3%) of the 63 serous carcinomas were triple negative, and one (50%) of the two endometrioid carcinomas was triple negative. There was a significant association between triple-negative tumours and histological subtypes of EOC (p = 0.034). Conclusions: A subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer that is negative for ER, PR, and HER-2/neu has been discovered in indigenous African women. TNEOC expression is high and is comparable to the triple negative breast cancer subtype seen in people of African ancestry. Future study of TNEOC in a large sample size should be considered.Item One year of breast cancer in Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria: a histopathological review(African Journal of Open Libraries, 2021) Jimoh, M. A.; Ajani, M. A.; Folorunso, S. A.; Fatunla, E. O.; Aruah, C. S.; Abdus-Salam, A. A.; Ogunbiyi, J. O.Background: Breast cancer is a major public health problem in most low- to medium-income countries of the world because of its high morbidity and mortality rate. Histopathological features are vital in risk assessment, selection of treatment and prognostication in breast cancer patients. This study aimed to assess the histopathological features of all breast cancer cases seen in a tertiary hospital in the year 2018. Methods: This is a retrospective review of all breast cancer cases histologically diagnosed and confirmed by three Pathologists at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan over a one-year period from 1st January 2018 to 31st December, 2018. Results: A total of 236 breast cancer cases were seen during this period, 234 (99.2%) were females while only 2 (0.8%) were male. 163 (69.7%) patients were between the fourth and sixth decades of life, 65 (27.8%) patients were above sixth decade while 6 (2.5%) patients were below fourth decade. Invasive ductal carcinoma of No Special Type (NST) was the commonest histological subtype 212 (89.8%). Grade 1 cases were 25 (10.6%), Grade 2 129 (54.7%) and Grade 3 cases were 40 (16.9%) while 42 (17.8%) were not graded. Lymphovascular invasion observed in 98 (41.5%) of the cases. 54 (22.9%) had immunohistochemistry out of which 23 (43.4%) were triple negative while 8 (3.4%) were triple positive. Conclusion: Histopathological features suggesting aggressive disease was predominantly observed. Efforts should be made towards early diagnosis, adequate evaluation and prompt treatment. Cancer care should be fully incorporated in the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS).