Scholarly works in Health Promotion and Education
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Item Knowledge and perception of malaria among Hausa married men in Mokola Community of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.(Veritas, 2021) Muhammad, H.,; Oyewole, O. E.; Dipeolu, I. O.Malaria is endemic in most countries within the African continent and accounts for high morbidity and mortality in those countries. The Nigerian Government launched the National Malaria Strategic Plan 2014-2020 to address the high burden of malaria in the country. However, like the previous plans, this plan focused more on the vulnerable groups to malaria (i. e. pregnant women, children under five years old and people living with HIV/AIDS) as the target population for the interventions. Men being the heads of the family in most African societies make all health decisions for the family. Many interventions that did not involve men do not succeed because of the decision roles men play in the family. An understanding of the knowledge and perception of men regarding malaria causes prevention, and management would assist in developing interventions aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality related to the disease in the community as well as achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 3.3, which focuses on Ending the Epidemic of Malaria. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the knowledge and perception of malaria among Hausa married men in Mokola community, Ibadan.The study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey. A three-stage sampling technique was used to recruit 302 Hausa married men based in Mokola; stratified into the Hausa and Yoruba (Okesu) axis, systematic random sampling was used to select the houses and balloting was used when a house had more than one married man. A validated semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Knowledge, perception and preventive practices were measured on a 22-point, 26-point and 14-point scales, respectively. Knowledge scores of 1≤13 and scores >13 were categorized as poor and good, respectively. Perception scores of 0≤16 and scores >16 were categorized as poor and good, respectively. Preventive practice scores of 0≤8 and scores ˃8 were categorized as poor and good, respectively. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as Chi-square test at p˂0.05 level of significance. Respondents’ mean age was 36.4 years, with trading accounting for 97.7% respondents’ occupation. Respondents whose monthly income range from N30,000-N75,000 accounted for 56.0%. Monogamy was practised by 75.5% with 73.2% having less than 5 children. Most respondents (76.2%) correctly defined malaria, with 22.2% obtaining information on malaria from the electronic media. Majority (99.3%) of respondents acknowledged to buying of drugs as one of the roles men should play in the treatment of malaria in their households. Most respondents, 89.1%, had good knowledge on definition of malaria and 97.0% had a good perception towards malaria management in their families with 51.6% of respondents reporting that a family member had malaria less than a month ago. Respondents who used ITN as prevention against malaria for their families accounted for 80.8%. Overall, 78.5% of respondents practised right preventive practice against malaria. The test of association between level of education and knowledge of malaria showed that only knowledge on symptoms of malaria was associated with the respondents’ level of education (p = 0.012). Test of association between level of education and perception of malaria revealed that perception of the respondents on causes of malaria was significantly associated with their level of education (p = 0.003). The test of association between respondents’ knowledge and perception on malaria revealed that knowledge and perception were significantly associated (p < 0.001), also the test of association between knowledge and the preventive practices of respondents revealed a statistically significant association exists between knowledge level and preventive practices against malaria (p= 0.028). Majority of respondents had good knowledge and perception on malaria and only few reported practicing malaria preventive measures involving spending money for their households. Interventions such awareness through the electronic media and community mobilization on malaria preventive measures focusing on men should be carried out in other communities.Item Knowledge and perception of malaria among Hausa married men in Mokola Community of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.(Veritas, 2021) Muhammad, H.,; Oyewole, O. E.; Dipeolu, I. O.Malaria is endemic in most countries within the African continent and accounts for high morbidity and mortality in those countries. The Nigerian Government launched the National Malaria Strategic Plan 2014-2020 to address the high burden of malaria in the country. However, like the previous plans, this plan focused more on the vulnerable groups to malaria (i. e. pregnant women, children under five years old and people living with HIV/AIDS) as the target population for the interventions. Men being the heads of the family in most African societies make all health decisions for the family. Many interventions that did not involve men do not succeed because of the decision roles men play in the family. An understanding of the knowledge and perception of men regarding malaria causes prevention, and management would assist in developing interventions aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality related to the disease in the community as well as achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 3.3, which focuses on Ending the Epidemic of Malaria. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the knowledge and perception of malaria among Hausa married men in Mokola community, Ibadan.The study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey. A three-stage sampling technique was used to recruit 302 Hausa married men based in Mokola; stratified into the Hausa and Yoruba (Okesu) axis, systematic random sampling was used to select the houses and balloting was used when a house had more than one married man. A validated semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Knowledge, perception and preventive practices were measured on a 22-point, 26-point and 14-point scales, respectively. Knowledge scores of 1≤13 and scores >13 were categorized as poor and good, respectively. Perception scores of 0≤16 and scores >16 were categorized as poor and good, respectively. Preventive practice scores of 0≤8 and scores ˃8 were categorized as poor and good, respectively. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as Chi-square test at p˂0.05 level of significance. Respondents’ mean age was 36.4 years, with trading accounting for 97.7% respondents’ occupation. Respondents whose monthly income range from N30,000-N75,000 accounted for 56.0%. Monogamy was practised by 75.5% with 73.2% having less than 5 children. Most respondents (76.2%) correctly defined malaria, with 22.2% obtaining information on malaria from the electronic media. Majority (99.3%) of respondents acknowledged to buying of drugs as one of the roles men should play in the treatment of malaria in their households. Most respondents, 89.1%, had good knowledge on definition of malaria and 97.0% had a good perception towards malaria management in their families with 51.6% of respondents reporting that a family member had malaria less than a month ago. Respondents who used ITN as prevention against malaria for their families accounted for 80.8%. Overall, 78.5% of respondents practised right preventive practice against malaria. The test of association between level of education and knowledge of malaria showed that only knowledge on symptoms of malaria was associated with the respondents’ level of education (p = 0.012). Test of association between level of education and perception of malaria revealed that perception of the respondents on causes of malaria was significantly associated with their level of education (p = 0.003). The test of association between respondents’ knowledge and perception on malaria revealed that knowledge and perception were significantly associated (p < 0.001), also the test of association between knowledge and the preventive practices of respondents revealed a statistically significant association exists between knowledge level and preventive practices against malaria (p= 0.028). Majority of respondents had good knowledge and perception on malaria and only few reported practicing malaria preventive measures involving spending money for their households. Interventions such awareness through the electronic media and community mobilization on malaria preventive measures focusing on men should be carried out in other communities.Item Knowledge and perception of employers of labour in Ibadan North Local Government Area about staff and applicants living with HIV and AIDS(Lawarence Press, India, 2011) Oshiname, F. O.; Dipeolu, I. O.Abstract: The epidemic of HIV and AIDS is a major challenge to development. It reduces the productivity of Persons Living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) in the labourforce and imposes a huge socio-economic burden on employers of labour. In Nigeria, little is known about employers of labour’s perceptions and practices relating to HIV and AIDS. The study was cross-sectional in design. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 400 study respondents in the public (38) and private (362) sectors for interview. The instrument for data collection was a pre-tested semi–structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and the chisquare test. There were more males (68.2%) than females (31.8%) among the respondents. A majority, (79.0%), of the respondents in the public sector (PuS) and 72.9% in the private sector (PrS) knew that an infected healthy looking person could harbour and transmit HIV to others. Overall, deep kissing (89.8%) topped the list of perceived mode of transmission of HIV; blood transfusion was mentioned by 46.3% of the respondents while unprotected sex (30.4%) was the least mentioned. The listed ways of preventing HIV were: use of condom (85.9%); avoiding deep kissing (71.3%); keeping one uninfected sexual partner (21.2%); and sexual abstinence (15.4%). Avoidance of unscreened blood transfusion (6.2%) was the least mentioned means of transmitting HIV. The perception of 77.0% of the entire respondents was that HIV and AIDS do not reduce workers’ productivity. A majority, (80.0%), of which 2.3% with no formal education, 1.0% primary education, 13.5% secondary education, 41.5% HND/B.Sc, 21.0% postgraduate and 0.8% with other qualifications were of the view that workers infected with HIV and AIDS should not be sacked. Although the respondents would tolerate staff with HIV and AIDS, their perceptions are indicative of limited knowledge about the mode of transmission and prevention of HIV.Item Intention and Concerns about HPV Vaccination among In-School Adolescents in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria(Nigerian Medical Association, 2023) Adeniyi, F. I.; John‑Akinola, Y. O.; Oluwasanu, M. M.; Oluwasanu, M. M.Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a very common sexually transmitted infection responsible for some cancers including cervical cancer. Despite nearly half of the Nigerian population being at risk (women <25), vaccination uptake against the infection is still less than 5%. Methodology: This cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted using a multi-stage sampling technique. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to 300 in-school adolescents aged 15-19 years, across 15 private and public secondary schools in Ibadan-North and Ibadan North-West of Oyo State, whose parents gave consent. The data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS v21. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to measure internal consistency reliability while categorical tables were compared using chi-square and regression analysis with a p-value <0.05. Results: The mean age of respondents was 15.8 ± 0.84 years. Half of them were females (52.3%) and also attended private schools (56.3%). Very few of the respondents had heard about HPV (21.0%) and HPV vaccine (12.7%), however, more than half had heard about cervical cancer (55.3%). Few respondents had good knowledge (11.0%) and positive perception (27.0%) of HPV, cervical cancer and HPV vaccine. The major source of information was social media (46.2%). Half of the respondents reported intention to take the vaccine if recommended by their family doctor (56.3%) and if given parental approval (52.0%), however, many (60.7%) were concerned about the vaccine’s side effects.Conclusion: Findings show that parents and health workers influence adolescents’ HPV vaccination uptake.The study thus recommends the prioritization of parental involvement in HPV vaccination. Parents and health workers should therefore be targeted as key stakeholders in driving the awareness of HPV and uptake of HPV vaccine among adolescents.Item KNOWLEDGE, PERCEPTION AND INVOLVEMENT OF ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS LEADERS IN HIV/AIDS PREVENTION IN IBADAN NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, NIGERIA(2013-06) IKUDAISI, S. O.Religious leaders are potential change agents for HIV/AIDS prevention activities in their communities. Previous studies on the role of religious leaders in HIV Prevention in Nigeria have focused more on Christian religious leaders. Not enough is known about the HIV Prevention efforts of Islamic religious leaders. This study was therefore designed to assess Islamic religious leaders’ (IRLs) knowledge, perception and involvement in HIV/AIDS prevention education in Ibadan North Local Government Area (LGA), Nigeria. The cross-sectional study involved 427 IRLs selected from Mosques and Faith-Based Organizations (FBOs) in the LGA through a 3-stage random sampling technique. A validated semi-structured questionnaire which included questions on perception, level of involvement and a 15-point knowledge scale was used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t- test, Chi-square and logistic regression. Knowledge scores of 2-7, 8-10 and 11-15 were rated as poor, fair and good respectively. Level of significance was set at 0.05. Respondents’ mean age was 49.6 ± 16.0 years and 96% were males. All had heard about AIDS and their main source of information was the mass media (98.4%). Respondents’ mean knowledge score was 9.1 ± 2.3. Respondents with poor, fair and good knowledge were 26.7%, 51.3% and 22.0% respectively. Many respondents (56.2%) could not correctly identify HIV as the causative agent of AIDS. Knowledge about abstinence from pre- and extra- marital sex as a means of prevention was high (96.5%) and 98.1% perceived that HIV/AIDS is a threat to societal well-being. The opinion of 51.3% was that Muslims were as vulnerable to HIV infection as other religious groups. Most respondents (97.4%) were of the view that IRLs have important roles to play in prevention of HIV infection. Only 8.2% had ever attended training on HIV/AIDS and 22.2% had ever preached about HIV/AIDS-related issues to their congregations. Eighty percent of respondents who had preached on HIV had not had any training on HIV. Only 4.4% of leaders had ever organized HIV/AIDS-related educational activities such as seminars/workshops (80%) and awareness campaign (15%) in their mosques/FBOs. Religious leaders in mosques used for daily prayers only and those in mosques used for Friday prayers were six times (OR=0.182; 95%CI=0.054-0.608) and nine times (OR=0.103; 95%CI=0.019-0.567) less likely to organize HIV/AIDS educational programme compared with their counterparts in FBOs. The major barriers against implementing such programmes were lack of knowledge (25.1%) and lack of access to educational material (12.6%). Most respondents (94.1%) were of the view that religious leaders need basic HIV/AIDS knowledge to effectively educate their congregations and 95.6% were willing to be formally trained on HIV/AIDS. Suggestions for effective engagement of IRLs in HIV prevention included providing capacity building opportunities (30.4%) and education materials (31.9%). Knowledge and perception of HIV/AIDS among the IRLs was fair. However, majority were not involved in HIV/AIDS prevention education programmes. Formal training by health workers, advocacy and technical supports are needed to address this challenge.