Crop Protection & Environmental Biology

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    "Assessment of physical and chemical characteristics, heavy metals composition in Awba Dam: Contamination levels in sediment, soil, Amaranthus hybridus (L.) and effluents from different drains in University of Ibadan
    (Ecological Society of Nigeria, 2023) Ajibola, F. O.; Fayinminnu, O. O.
    "The indiscriminate use of heavy metal-compounded fertilisers and pesticides as well as the release of raw and ill-treated domestic wastewater into water courses poses threats to living organisms in the environment. This study therefore, evaluated the physical and chemical properties and heavy metals contamination levels in water and sediments of Awba dam, University of Ibadan with a view to assessing its quality and suitability for irrigation. Water samples from Upstream, Midstream and Downstream of Awba Dam and three drains containing outflows from areas with anthropogenic activities and solid sediment samples were collected from Awba Dam, while vegetable and soil samples were collected from a nearby farm (200 m away) from the dam. Samples were analysed for physical and chemical parameters (pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical and Chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD, COD)], nitrate and phosphate), and heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Co, Ni and Pb) in the water, sediment, Amaranthus hybridus and soil were determined using standard methods. Data obtained were analysed using ANOVA at p<0.05. Results revealed DO having highest value (3.77 mg/L) at Tech and maximum values of BOD (14.67 mg/L) and COD (57.06 mg/L) were obtained at upstream and these were above the WHO limits. Highest nitrate level (36.45 mg/L) was at Tech and lowest (20.44 mg/L) at downstream. Similarly, phosphate value in all locations ranged from 0.09-0.61 mg/L. All heavy metal levels were in non- detectable quantities in water and Amaranthus hybridus. In sediment, Cr and Co had highest values of 13.67 and 5.33 mg/kg, respectively at upstream and Ni had 12350 mg/kg at midstream, all above the USEPA Sediment Criteria. Also, Ni had the highest value (18811.00 mg/kg) in soil. The chemical oxygen demand in water as well as nickel concentrations in both sediments from Awba Dam and soil were high. Therefore, there is need for regular monitoring of these parameters is recommended."