Crop Protection & Environmental Biology

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Nutrition

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    Morpho-physiological responses of cowpea to different time and rates of compost application under water stress
    (Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Ibadan, 2017) Adejumo, S. A.; Orimolade, D. A.; Olaniyan, B. O
    Drought and poor soil fertility constitute serious threats to crop production. Water stress reduces crop yield by about 80%. In this study, the effect of Mexican sunflower compost on the morpho-physiological and biochemical responses of cowpea under water stress (100, 50 and 25% field capacity) was investigated. Compost was applied at different rates (10:C1 and 15 t/ha: C2) and at different times (two weeks before (B) and after (A) planting of cowpea seeds as well as repeated application (BA) during one cropping season. Data were collected on growth and yield parameters, chlorophyll and carotenoid content and stomata density. The results showed that although water stress adversely affected cowpea growth and development, soil amendment with compost increased the growth and yield parameters of cowpea. Variations were however observed in the performance of plants treated with compost based on different rates and time of application under different water stress regimes. Application before seed sowing and repeated application after seed sowing resulted in better plant performance compared to the application after seed sowing alone. Cowpea plants grown on soil amended with the higher rate (15t/ha) of compost both before and after seed sowing (C2B+C2A) also showed superiority in all the parameters considered. Cowpea dry matter yields were increased by 98, 110, 153 and 223 % in C1B+C1A, C1B+C2A, C2B+C1A and C2B+C2A compared with control (P<0.05). Chlorophyll content, carotenoid content, and stomata density of cowpea under water stress were also enhanced with compost application. Application of compost both before and after seed sowing enhanced cowpea growth and yield under water stress.
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    Genetic characterization of Biochemical contents of pigeon pea (cajanus cajan millsp)
    (Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2009) Akande, S. R.; Balogun, M. O.
    Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to characterize 25 collections of pigeon pea from south-west Nigeria using nutritional and anti-nutritional contents of the seeds. Design/methodology/approach – The nutritional and anti-nutritional constituents of 25 collections of pigeon pea were determined. Data collected were subjected to correlation, principal components and fastclus analyses. Findings – Ariation among the collections for the nutrient contents was low. Trypsin inhibitor content had the highest variability ranging between 21.74 and 35.43 Tiu/mg. Protein and trypsin inhibitor contents were significant and negatively correlated. The first three principal components explained 74.0 per cent of the total variation. Fastclus procedures grouped the collections into three. Members of cluster 1 had the highest value for protein and the lowest concentrations of the antinutritional factors (ANFs). Cluster 2 possessed relatively low protein with high level of ANFs while cluster 3 was intermediate between clusters 1 and 2 for most characters. Originality/value – The results indicate that members of cluster 1 with high protein and low levels of ANFs are good candidates in breeding/selecting pigeon pea cultivars with enhanced nutritional values